apt-缓存策略gimp libgegl-0.2-0

Question

我试图在Ubuntu14.04上安装Gimp，但遇到了一个错误：

root@vitor-pc:~# LANG=C apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
root@vitor-pc:~# LANG=C apt-get install gimp 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gimp : Depends: libgegl-0.2-0 (>= 0.2.0) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我已经尝试过这个解决方案了，如何解决未满足的依赖关系？。

然而，我还是得到了上面的信息。

我怎么才能解决这个问题？

apt-cache policy <package>：

vitor@vitor-pc:~$ LANG=C apt-cache policy gimp libgegl-0.2-0
gimp:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 2.8.10-0ubuntu1
Version table:
    2.8.10-0ubuntu1 0
    500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
    2.8.10-0trusty4~ppa 0
    500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/otto-kesselgulasch/gimp/ubuntu/   trusty/main i386 Packages
     2.8.8~trusty~NoobsLab.com 0
    500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/ppa-gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386   Packages
    libgegl-0.2-0:
    Installed: (none)
    Candidate: 0.2.1-3~trusty~Noobslab.com
    Version table:
    0.2.1-3~trusty~Noobslab.com 0
    500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/ppa-gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main  i386    Packages
 0.2.0-4ubuntu1 0
    500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages

apt-cache policy：

root@vitor-pc:~# LANG=C apt-cache policy
Package files:
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
 release a=now
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/otto-kesselgulasch/gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386  Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-otto-kesselgulasch-gimp,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=gimp,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/ppa-gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-noobslab-ppa-gimp,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Gimp,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/libreoffice/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-libreoffice,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=LibreOffice PPA,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-ppa/backports/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-kubuntu-ppa-backports,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Kubuntu Backports,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/irie/blender/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-irie-blender,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=PPA for Blender  2.4 and 2.7,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/inkscape.dev/trunk/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-inkscape.dev-trunk,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Inkscape Trunk,c=main
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable/main i386 Packages
 release v=1.0,o=Google, Inc.,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main
 origin dl.google.com
500 http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-app-review-board,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Application Review Board PPA,c=main
 origin extras.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/restricted Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/restricted i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/universe Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/restricted Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/multiverse Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/main Translation-en
100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/multiverse i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-backports,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/universe i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-backports,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/restricted i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-backports,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-backports,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/restricted Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/restricted i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe Translation-pt_BR
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe Translation-pt
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted Translation-pt_BR
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted Translation-pt
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse Translation-pt_BR
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse Translation-pt
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main Translation-pt_BR
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main Translation-pt
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main Translation-en
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
 release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main
 origin archive.ubuntu.com
 Pinned packages:

Answer 1

您有两个PPA，可能在您的/etc/apt/sources.list中。他们是

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/otto-kesselgulasch/gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386  
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/ppa-gimp/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 

这两者看起来都像GIMP PPA，但是由于它们等于或小于官方PPA的版本，所以没有意义。所以，把他们干掉。

您所面临的直接问题是这些PPA之一的副作用，即problem的副作用。这个版本的libgegl-0.2-0比Ubuntu本身的版本(0.2.0-4ubuntu1)更新(0.2.1-3~trusty~Nobuslab.com)。由于我不清楚的原因，这是阻止libgegl-0.2-0被安装。

如果您想进一步诊断(您可能不会)，您可以运行

apt-get install libgegl-0.2-0

没有改变任何东西，看看你得到了什么输出。

Answer 2

我不知道你的问题是否还存在，但万一它还存在，我找到了一个对我有用的解决方案(Xenial 16.04)：

链接到ubuntuforums.org

用户建议使用智能而不是apt-get来安装gimp。

sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install gimp

当我以这种方式安装它时，有人要求我在终端中提供一些错误处理建议(不幸的是，我不能再在这里显示.)。第一个我忽略了(当被问到时输入"n“)，但是第二个我接受了(当被问到输入"y”)--这是有效的。

一些软件包已经降级，依赖关系已经解决，Gimp已经成功安装。