将每日日程分成[开始日期；结束日期]间隔，并列出周天数。

Question

我需要在两个系统之间转换数据。

第一个系统将日程存储为一个简单的日期列表。附表中包含的每个日期都是一行。在日期顺序上可能存在各种差距(周末、公共假日和较长的暂停时间，一周中的某些日子可能被排除在时间表之外)。根本不可能有空隙，甚至连周末都可以包括在内。这个时间表可以长达两年。通常只有几个星期长。

下面是一个不包括周末的两周时间表的简单示例(下面的脚本中有更复杂的例子)：

+----+------------+------------+---------+--------+
| ID | ContractID |     dt     | dowChar | dowInt |
+----+------------+------------+---------+--------+
| 10 |          1 | 2016-05-02 | Mon     |      2 |
| 11 |          1 | 2016-05-03 | Tue     |      3 |
| 12 |          1 | 2016-05-04 | Wed     |      4 |
| 13 |          1 | 2016-05-05 | Thu     |      5 |
| 14 |          1 | 2016-05-06 | Fri     |      6 |
| 15 |          1 | 2016-05-09 | Mon     |      2 |
| 16 |          1 | 2016-05-10 | Tue     |      3 |
| 17 |          1 | 2016-05-11 | Wed     |      4 |
| 18 |          1 | 2016-05-12 | Thu     |      5 |
| 19 |          1 | 2016-05-13 | Fri     |      6 |
+----+------------+------------+---------+--------+

ID是唯一的，但它不一定是顺序的(它是主键)。日期在每个合同中是唯一的(在(ContractID, dt)上有唯一的索引)。

第二，系统将计划与作为计划一部分的周天数列表作为间隔存储。每个间隔由其开始日期和结束日期(包括)以及计划中包括的周天数列表来定义。在这种格式中，您可以有效地定义重复的每周模式，比如蒙-韦德，但是当模式被扰乱时(例如公共假日)，它就会变得很痛苦。

下面是上面这个简单的例子的样子：

+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
| ContractID |  StartDT   |   EndDT    | DayCount |       WeekDays       |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
|          1 | 2016-05-02 | 2016-05-13 |       10 | Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri, |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+

属于同一契约的[StartDT;EndDT]间隔不应重叠。

我需要将数据从第一个系统转换为第二个系统使用的格式。目前，我正在C#中的客户端为单个给定的合同解决这个问题，但我想在服务器端用this进行批量处理和服务器之间的导出/导入。很可能，它可以使用CLR完成，但在现阶段我不能使用SQLCLR。

这里的挑战是使每隔一段时间尽可能短和友好。

例如，这个时间表：

+-----+------------+------------+---------+--------+
| ID  | ContractID |     dt     | dowChar | dowInt |
+-----+------------+------------+---------+--------+
| 223 |          2 | 2016-05-05 | Thu     |      5 |
| 224 |          2 | 2016-05-06 | Fri     |      6 |
| 225 |          2 | 2016-05-09 | Mon     |      2 |
| 226 |          2 | 2016-05-10 | Tue     |      3 |
| 227 |          2 | 2016-05-11 | Wed     |      4 |
| 228 |          2 | 2016-05-12 | Thu     |      5 |
| 229 |          2 | 2016-05-13 | Fri     |      6 |
| 230 |          2 | 2016-05-16 | Mon     |      2 |
| 231 |          2 | 2016-05-17 | Tue     |      3 |
+-----+------------+------------+---------+--------+

应该变成这样：

+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
| ContractID |  StartDT   |   EndDT    | DayCount |       WeekDays       |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
|          2 | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-17 |        9 | Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri, |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+

，而不是这个：

+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
| ContractID |  StartDT   |   EndDT    | DayCount |       WeekDays       |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+
|          2 | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-06 |        2 | Thu,Fri,             |
|          2 | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-13 |        5 | Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri, |
|          2 | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-17 |        2 | Mon,Tue,             |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------------------+

我试图应用gaps-and-islands方法来解决这个问题。我两次就试过了。在第一遍我发现岛屿的简单连续的日子，即岛的结束是任何间隔的日子序列，无论是周末，公共假日或其他什么。对于发现的每一个岛屿，我都会构建一个以逗号分隔的独立WeekDays列表。在第二次测试中，I组通过观察周数的间隔或WeekDays的变化，进一步发现了岛屿。

使用这种方法，每个部分周最终都是一个额外的间隔，如上面所示，因为即使周数是连续的，WeekDays也会发生变化。此外，还可以在一周内出现定期的间隙(参见示例数据中的ContractID=3，它只包含Mon,Wed,Fri,的数据)，这种方法将为此类日程中的每一天生成不同的间隔。好的一面是，如果计划根本没有任何空白(请参阅包含周末的示例数据中的ContractID=7 )，则会产生一个间隔，而在这种情况下，周的开始或结束是局部的并不重要。

请参阅下面脚本中的其他示例，以便更好地了解我的目标。你可以看到，周末经常被排除在外，但一周中的任何其他日子也可能被排除在外。在示例3中，只有Mon、Wed和Fri是计划的一部分。此外，周末也可以包括在内，如例7。解决方案应该平等对待一周中的所有日子。一周中的任何一天都可以包括在内，也可以排除在日程之外。

要验证生成的间隔列表是否正确地描述了给定的计划，可以使用以下伪代码：

• 循环通过所有间隔
• 对于每个间隔循环，在开始日期和结束日期之间遍历所有日历日期(包括)。
• 对于每个日期，检查它的一周的日期是否列在WeekDays中。如果是，则将此日期包括在附表中。

希望这能澄清在什么情况下应该创建一个新的间隔。在示例4和5中，一个星期一(2016-05-09)从时间表的中间移除，这样的调度不能用单个间隔来表示。在示例6中，日程安排有很长的差距，因此需要两次间隔。

间隔表示计划中的每周模式，当模式被中断/更改时，必须添加新的间隔。例如，前三周有一个模式Tue，然后该模式更改为Thu。因此，我们需要两个间隔来描述这样的时间表。

目前我正在使用Server 2008，因此解决方案应该在此版本中工作。如果Server 2008的解决方案可以使用后期版本的特性进行简化/改进，这是一个额外的好处，也请展示出来。

我有一个Calendar表(日期列表)和Numbers表(从1开始的整数列表)，所以如果需要的话，可以使用它们。还可以创建临时表，并有几个查询在几个阶段处理数据。但是，算法中的阶段数必须是固定的，游标和显式WHILE循环是不确定的。

示例数据和预期结果的

脚本

-- @Src is sample data
-- @Dst is expected result

DECLARE @Src TABLE (ID int PRIMARY KEY, ContractID int, dt date, dowChar char(3), dowInt int);
INSERT INTO @Src (ID, ContractID, dt, dowChar, dowInt) VALUES

-- simple two weeks (without weekend)
(110, 1, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(111, 1, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(112, 1, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(113, 1, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(114, 1, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(115, 1, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(116, 1, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(117, 1, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(118, 1, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(119, 1, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),

-- a partial end of the week, the whole week, partial start of the week (without weekends)
(223, 2, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(224, 2, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(225, 2, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(226, 2, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(227, 2, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(228, 2, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(229, 2, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(230, 2, '2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),
(231, 2, '2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),

-- only Mon, Wed, Fri are included across two weeks plus partial third week
(310, 3, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(311, 3, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(314, 3, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(315, 3, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(317, 3, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(319, 3, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(330, 3, '2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),

-- a whole week (without weekend), in the second week Mon is not included
(410, 4, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(411, 4, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(412, 4, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(413, 4, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(414, 4, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(416, 4, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(417, 4, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(418, 4, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(419, 4, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),

-- three weeks, but without Mon in the second week (no weekends)
(510, 5, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(511, 5, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(512, 5, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(513, 5, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(514, 5, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(516, 5, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(517, 5, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(518, 5, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(519, 5, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(520, 5, '2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),
(521, 5, '2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),
(522, 5, '2016-05-18', 'Wed', 4),
(523, 5, '2016-05-19', 'Thu', 5),
(524, 5, '2016-05-20', 'Fri', 6),

-- long gap between two intervals
(623, 6, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(624, 6, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(625, 6, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(626, 6, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(627, 6, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(628, 6, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(629, 6, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(630, 6, '2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),
(631, 6, '2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),
(645, 6, '2016-06-06', 'Mon', 2),
(646, 6, '2016-06-07', 'Tue', 3),
(647, 6, '2016-06-08', 'Wed', 4),
(648, 6, '2016-06-09', 'Thu', 5),
(649, 6, '2016-06-10', 'Fri', 6),
(655, 6, '2016-06-13', 'Mon', 2),
(656, 6, '2016-06-14', 'Tue', 3),
(657, 6, '2016-06-15', 'Wed', 4),
(658, 6, '2016-06-16', 'Thu', 5),
(659, 6, '2016-06-17', 'Fri', 6),

-- two weeks, no gaps between days at all, even weekends are included
(710, 7, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(711, 7, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(712, 7, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(713, 7, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(714, 7, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(715, 7, '2016-05-07', 'Sat', 7),
(716, 7, '2016-05-08', 'Sun', 1),
(725, 7, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(726, 7, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(727, 7, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(728, 7, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(729, 7, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),

-- no gaps between days at all, even weekends are included, with partial weeks
(805, 8, '2016-04-30', 'Sat', 7),
(806, 8, '2016-05-01', 'Sun', 1),
(810, 8, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(811, 8, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(812, 8, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(813, 8, '2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(814, 8, '2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(815, 8, '2016-05-07', 'Sat', 7),
(816, 8, '2016-05-08', 'Sun', 1),
(825, 8, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(826, 8, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(827, 8, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(828, 8, '2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(829, 8, '2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(830, 8, '2016-05-14', 'Sat', 7),

-- only Mon-Wed included, two weeks plus partial third week
(910, 9, '2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(911, 9, '2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(912, 9, '2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(915, 9, '2016-05-09', 'Mon', 2),
(916, 9, '2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(917, 9, '2016-05-11', 'Wed', 4),
(930, 9, '2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),
(931, 9, '2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),

-- only Thu-Sun included, three weeks
(1013,10,'2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(1014,10,'2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(1015,10,'2016-05-07', 'Sat', 7),
(1016,10,'2016-05-08', 'Sun', 1),
(1018,10,'2016-05-12', 'Thu', 5),
(1019,10,'2016-05-13', 'Fri', 6),
(1020,10,'2016-05-14', 'Sat', 7),
(1021,10,'2016-05-15', 'Sun', 1),
(1023,10,'2016-05-19', 'Thu', 5),
(1024,10,'2016-05-20', 'Fri', 6),
(1025,10,'2016-05-21', 'Sat', 7),
(1026,10,'2016-05-22', 'Sun', 1),

-- only Tue for first three weeks, then only Thu for the next three weeks
(1111,11,'2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(1116,11,'2016-05-10', 'Tue', 3),
(1131,11,'2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),
(1123,11,'2016-05-19', 'Thu', 5),
(1124,11,'2016-05-26', 'Thu', 5),
(1125,11,'2016-06-02', 'Thu', 5),

-- one week, then one week gap, then one week
(1210,12,'2016-05-02', 'Mon', 2),
(1211,12,'2016-05-03', 'Tue', 3),
(1212,12,'2016-05-04', 'Wed', 4),
(1213,12,'2016-05-05', 'Thu', 5),
(1214,12,'2016-05-06', 'Fri', 6),
(1215,12,'2016-05-16', 'Mon', 2),
(1216,12,'2016-05-17', 'Tue', 3),
(1217,12,'2016-05-18', 'Wed', 4),
(1218,12,'2016-05-19', 'Thu', 5),
(1219,12,'2016-05-20', 'Fri', 6);

SELECT ID, ContractID, dt, dowChar, dowInt
FROM @Src
ORDER BY ContractID, dt;


DECLARE @Dst TABLE (ContractID int, StartDT date, EndDT date, DayCount int, WeekDays varchar(255));
INSERT INTO @Dst (ContractID, StartDT, EndDT, DayCount, WeekDays) VALUES
(1, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-13', 10, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(2, '2016-05-05', '2016-05-17',  9, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(3, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-16',  7, 'Mon,Wed,Fri,'),
(4, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-06',  5, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(4, '2016-05-10', '2016-05-13',  4, 'Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(5, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-06',  5, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(5, '2016-05-10', '2016-05-20',  9, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(6, '2016-05-05', '2016-05-17',  9, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(6, '2016-06-06', '2016-06-17', 10, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(7, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-13', 12, 'Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,'),
(8, '2016-04-30', '2016-05-14', 15, 'Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,'),
(9, '2016-05-02', '2016-05-17',  8, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,'),
(10,'2016-05-05', '2016-05-22', 12, 'Sun,Thu,Fri,Sat,'),
(11,'2016-05-03', '2016-05-17',  3, 'Tue,'),
(11,'2016-05-19', '2016-06-02',  3, 'Thu,'),
(12,'2016-05-02', '2016-05-06',  5, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,'),
(12,'2016-05-16', '2016-05-20',  5, 'Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,');

SELECT ContractID, StartDT, EndDT, DayCount, WeekDays
FROM @Dst
ORDER BY ContractID, StartDT;

答案的

比较

真正的表@Src有带有15,857区分ContractIDs的403,555行。所有的答案都会产生正确的结果(至少对我的数据而言)，而且它们都相当快，但它们的最优性不同。生成的间隔越少，越好。我只是出于好奇考虑了运行时间。主要关注的是正确和最优的结果，而不是速度(除非需要太长时间--我在10分钟后停止了的非递归查询)。

+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------+---------+
|                         Answer                         | Intervals | Seconds |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------+---------+
| Ziggy Crueltyfree Zeitgeister                          |     25751 |    7.88 |
| While loop                                             |           |         |
|                                                        |           |         |
| Ziggy Crueltyfree Zeitgeister                          |     25751 |    8.27 |
| Recursive                                              |           |         |
|                                                        |           |         |
| Michael Green                                          |     25751 |   22.63 |
| Recursive                                              |           |         |
|                                                        |           |         |
| Geoff Patterson                                        |     26670 |    4.79 |
| Weekly gaps-and-islands with merging of partial weeks  |           |         |
|                                                        |           |         |
| Vladimir Baranov                                       |     34560 |    4.03 |
| Daily, then weekly gaps-and-islands                    |           |         |
|                                                        |           |         |
| Mikael Eriksson                                        |     35840 |    0.65 |
| Weekly gaps-and-islands                                |           |         |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------+---------+
| Vladimir Baranov                                       |     25751 |  121.51 |
| Cursor                                                 |           |         |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------+---------+

Answer 1

不完全是你想要的，但可能对你感兴趣。

该查询为每周使用的天数创建带有逗号分隔字符串的周。然后，它会在Weekdays中找到连续几周使用相同模式的岛屿。

with Weeks as
(
  select T.*,
         row_number() over(partition by T.ContractID, T.WeekDays order by T.WeekNumber) as rn
  from (
       select S1.ContractID,
              min(S1.dt) as StartDT,
              max(S1.dt) as EndDT,
              datediff(day, 0, S1.dt) / 7 as WeekNumber, -- Number of weeks since '1900-01-01 (a monday)'
              count(*) as DayCount,
              stuff((
                    select ','+S2.dowChar
                    from @Src as S2
                    where S2.ContractID = S1.ContractID and
                          S2.dt between min(S1.dt) and max(S1.dt)
                    order by S2.dt
                    for xml path('')
                    ), 1, 1, '') as WeekDays
       from @Src as S1
       group by S1.ContractID, 
                datediff(day, 0, S1.dt) / 7
       ) as T
)
select W.ContractID,
       min(W.StartDT) as StartDT,
       max(W.EndDT) as EndDT,
       count(*) * W.DayCount as DayCount,
       W.WeekDays
from Weeks as W
group by W.ContractID,
         W.WeekDays,
         W.DayCount,
         W.rn - W.WeekNumber
order by W.ContractID,
         min(W.WeekNumber);

结果：

ContractID  StartDT    EndDT      DayCount    WeekDays
----------- ---------- ---------- ----------- -----------------------------
1           2016-05-02 2016-05-13 10          Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
2           2016-05-05 2016-05-06 2           Thu,Fri
2           2016-05-09 2016-05-13 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
2           2016-05-16 2016-05-17 2           Mon,Tue
3           2016-05-02 2016-05-13 6           Mon,Wed,Fri
3           2016-05-16 2016-05-16 1           Mon
4           2016-05-02 2016-05-06 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
4           2016-05-10 2016-05-13 4           Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
5           2016-05-02 2016-05-06 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
5           2016-05-10 2016-05-13 4           Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
5           2016-05-16 2016-05-20 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
6           2016-05-05 2016-05-06 2           Thu,Fri
6           2016-05-09 2016-05-13 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
6           2016-05-16 2016-05-17 2           Mon,Tue
6           2016-06-06 2016-06-17 10          Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
7           2016-05-02 2016-05-08 7           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun
7           2016-05-09 2016-05-13 5           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri
8           2016-04-30 2016-05-01 2           Sat,Sun
8           2016-05-02 2016-05-08 7           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun
8           2016-05-09 2016-05-14 6           Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat
9           2016-05-02 2016-05-11 6           Mon,Tue,Wed
9           2016-05-16 2016-05-17 2           Mon,Tue
10          2016-05-05 2016-05-22 12          Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun
11          2016-05-03 2016-05-10 2           Tue
11          2016-05-17 2016-05-19 2           Tue,Thu
11          2016-05-26 2016-06-02 2           Thu

ContractID = 2显示了结果与您想要的结果之间的差异。第一周和最后一周将被视为不同的时期，因为WeekDays是不同的。

Answer 2

最后，我得到了一种方法，在这种情况下得到了最优的解决方案，我认为总体上会做得很好。然而，这个解决方案相当冗长，所以看看其他人是否有一种更简洁的方法是很有趣的。

下面是一个包含完整解决方案的脚本。

下面是算法的概要：

• 将数据集中起来，以便每周都有一行表示。
• 计算每个ContractId内每周的岛数
• 合并属于同一ContractId且具有相同WeekDays的相邻周
• 对于任何单个星期(尚未合并)，如果上一个分组位于同一岛屿上，且单个周的WeekDays匹配前一个分组的WeekDays的一个前导子集，则合并到前一个分组中。
• 对于任何单个星期(尚未合并)，如果下一个分组位于同一岛屿上，且单个周的WeekDays匹配下一个分组的WeekDays的尾随子集，则合并到下一个分组中。
• 在同一岛屿上任何两个相邻的星期都没有合并，如果这两个星期都是可以合并的部分周(例如，“星期一，下午，韦德，清华”和“韦德，清华”，那就把它们合并在一起。)
• 对于任何剩余的单个星期(尚未合并)，如果可能的话，将该周分成两部分，并将两部分合并，第一部分在同一岛上合并为以前的分组，第二部分在同一岛上合并为下面的分组。

Answer 3

我无法理解将周和周末组合在一起的逻辑(例如，一个周末有两个星期，哪个星期是周末？)

下面的查询生成所需的输出，但它只对连续工作日进行分组，并分组周Sat(而不是Mon)。虽然不完全是你想要的，也许这可以为不同的策略提供一些线索。天的分组来自这里。使用的窗口函数应该与SQLServer 2008一起工作，但是我没有这个版本来测试它是否真的工作。

WITH 
  mysrc AS (
    SELECT *, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY ContractID ORDER BY DT) AS rank
    FROM @Src
    ),
  prepos AS (
    SELECT s.*, pos.ID AS posid
    FROM mysrc s
    LEFT JOIN mysrc pos ON (pos.ContractID = s.ContractID AND pos.rank = s.rank+1 AND (pos.DowInt = s.DowInt+1 OR pos.DowInt = 2 AND s.DowInt=6))
    ),
  grped AS (
    SELECT TOP 100 *, (SELECT COUNT(CASE WHEN posid IS NULL THEN 1 END) FROM prepos WHERE contractid = p.contractid AND rank < p.rank) as grp
    FROM prepos p
    ORDER BY ContractID, DT
    )
SELECT ContractID, min(dt) AS StartDT, max(dt) AS EndDT, count(*) AS DayCount,
       STUFF( (SELECT ', ' + dowchar
               FROM (
                 SELECT TOP 100 dowint, dowchar 
                 FROM grped 
                 WHERE ContractID = g.ContractID AND grp = g.grp 
                 GROUP BY dowint, dowchar 
                 ORDER BY 1
                 ) a 
               FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.','varchar(max)'), 1, 2, '') AS WeekDays
FROM grped g
GROUP BY ContractID, grp
ORDER BY 1, 2

结果

+------------+------------+------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| ContractID | StartDT    | EndDT      | DayCount | WeekDays                          |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+-----------------------------------+
| 1          | 2/05/2016  | 13/05/2016 | 10       | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 2          | 5/05/2016  | 17/05/2016 | 9        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 3          | 2/05/2016  | 2/05/2016  | 1        | Mon                               |
| 3          | 4/05/2016  | 4/05/2016  | 1        | Wed                               |
| 3          | 6/05/2016  | 9/05/2016  | 2        | Mon, Fri                          |
| 3          | 11/05/2016 | 11/05/2016 | 1        | Wed                               |
| 3          | 13/05/2016 | 16/05/2016 | 2        | Mon, Fri                          |
| 4          | 2/05/2016  | 6/05/2016  | 5        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 4          | 10/05/2016 | 13/05/2016 | 4        | Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri                |
| 5          | 2/05/2016  | 6/05/2016  | 5        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 5          | 10/05/2016 | 20/05/2016 | 9        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 6          | 5/05/2016  | 17/05/2016 | 9        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 6          | 6/06/2016  | 17/06/2016 | 10       | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri           |
| 7          | 2/05/2016  | 7/05/2016  | 6        | Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat      |
| 7          | 8/05/2016  | 13/05/2016 | 6        | Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri      |
| 8          | 30/04/2016 | 30/04/2016 | 1        | Sat                               |
| 8          | 1/05/2016  | 7/05/2016  | 7        | Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat |
| 8          | 8/05/2016  | 14/05/2016 | 7        | Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat |
| 9          | 2/05/2016  | 4/05/2016  | 3        | Mon, Tue, Wed                     |
| 9          | 9/05/2016  | 10/05/2016 | 2        | Mon, Tue                          |
+------------+------------+------------+----------+-----------------------------------+