为什么Oracle数据库配置在ubuntu上失败？

Question

我正试图在我的ubuntu服务器上安装Oracle数据库11g速成版。运行命令后：

sudo service oracle-xe start

在配置之后，我得到以下结果：

Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done
Configuring database...
Database Configuration failed.  Look into /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/log for de                                                                              tails

在日志文件中，我发现了以下信息：

CloneRmanRestore.log：

    LRM-00116: syntax error at 'sessions' following '='
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


declare
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

postDBCreation.log

begin
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/spfileXE.ora' FROM pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts/init.ora'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00116: syntax error at 'sessions' following '='


ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/initXE.ora'
select 'utl_recomp_begin: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


BEGIN utl_recomp.recomp_serial(); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


select 'utl_recomp_end: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

cloneDBCreation.log：

Create controlfile reuse set database "XE"
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


BEGIN dbms_backup_restore.zerodbid(0); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
LRM-00116: syntax error at 'sessions' following '='
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
Create controlfile reuse set database "XE"
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


alter system enable restricted session
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


alter database "XE" open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

postDBCreation.log:
begin
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/spfileXE.ora' FROM pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts/init.ora'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00116: syntax error at 'sessions' following '='


ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/initXE.ora'
select 'utl_recomp_begin: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


BEGIN utl_recomp.recomp_serial(); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


select 'utl_recomp_end: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

postScripts.log：

CREATE OR REPLACE LIBRARY dbms_sumadv_lib AS '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/lib/libqsmashr.so';
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


BEGIN dbms_datapump_utl.replace_default_dir; END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


commit
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


create or replace directory XMLDIR as '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/rdbms/xml'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


DROP DIRECTORY ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0


DROP DIRECTORY ADMIN_DIR
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

我如何修复它并配置我的数据库？我有256 MB的RAM内存，足够运行Oracle吗？这会是个问题吗？

Answer 1

甲骨文文档表示建议运行512 XE内存来运行Oracle，最低要求为256 XE。实际上，在Linux /VM上运行其他任何东西，您实际上只需要256 to。

在尝试重新安装之前，请确保您已经遵守了文档中的所有先决条件(内核参数，添加了2Gb的交换空间)。

我已经成功地让它运行在一个包含512 it的Digital大洋VM上--我刚刚在磁盘上添加了一个4Gb的交换文件--它就像一个梦一样运行。嗯，一个缓慢的梦:-)

Answer 2

在安装文件夹中的init.ora文件和其他initXE*文件时，会弹出此错误：

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts

您需要编辑这些配置，并查找如下一行：

MEMORY_TARGET =

如果这是空的，就像上面的行一样，我们必须添加我们想要分配的内存。在我的例子中，我在两个文件中都放了1Gb：

MEMORY_TARGET = 1G

在两个文件中进行此更改后，您必须保存它并再次运行Oracle配置脚本。

正常情况下一切都会好起来的。