是什么决定了CD-R的过度燃烧能力？

Question

我有一个733 had的ISO图像，我试着写到CD-R。我有两张来自不同制造商的光盘。对于第一个CD-R磁盘(TDK)，烧录过程失败，但使用第二个CD-R(EMTEC)成功.用于燃烧的命令是wodim -v speed=1 dev='/dev/scd0' -sao -overburn /home/martin/Downloads/linux.iso。

失败的尝试：

root@T42:~# ls -lh /home/martin/Downloads/linux.iso
-rw-r--r-- 1 martin martin 733M Feb  7 19:30 /home/martin/Downloads/linux.iso
root@T42:~# wodim -v speed=1 dev='/dev/scd0' -sao -overburn /home/martin/Downloads/linux.iso
TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM
scsidev: '/dev/scd0'
devname: '/dev/scd0'
scsibus: -2 target: -2 lun: -2
Linux sg driver version: 3.5.27
Wodim version: 1.1.11
SCSI buffer size: 64512
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 5
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   : 
Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
Identification : 'DVDRAM GSA-4083N'
Revision       : '1.00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
Current: 0x0009 (CD-R)
Profile: 0x0012 (DVD-RAM) 
Profile: 0x0011 (DVD-R sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0015 (DVD-R/DL sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0016 (DVD-R/DL layer jump recording) 
Profile: 0x0014 (DVD-RW sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0013 (DVD-RW restricted overwrite) 
Profile: 0x001A (DVD+RW) 
Profile: 0x001B (DVD+R) 
Profile: 0x002B (DVD+R/DL) 
Profile: 0x0010 (DVD-ROM) 
Profile: 0x0009 (CD-R) (current)
Profile: 0x000A (CD-RW) 
Profile: 0x0008 (CD-ROM) 
Profile: 0x0002 (Removable disk) 
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE 
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Drive buf size : 1053696 = 1029 KB
Beginning DMA speed test. Set CDR_NODMATEST environment variable if device
communication breaks or freezes immediately after that.
Drive DMA Speed: 15251 kB/s 86x CD 11x DVD
FIFO size      : 12582912 = 12288 KB
Track 01: data   732 MB        
Total size:      840 MB (83:17.54) = 374816 sectors
Lout start:      841 MB (83:19/41) = 374816 sectors
Current Secsize: 2048
ATIP info from disk:
  Indicated writing power: 5
  Is not unrestricted
  Is not erasable
  Disk sub type: Medium Type B, low Beta category (B-) (4)
  ATIP start of lead in:  -12369 (97:17/06)
  ATIP start of lead out: 359849 (79:59/74)
Disk type:    Short strategy type (Phthalocyanine or similar)
Manuf. index: 69
Manufacturer: Moser Baer India Limited
Manufacturer is guessed because of the orange forum embargo.
The orange forum likes to get money for recent information.
The information for this media may not be correct.
Blocks total: 359849 Blocks current: 359849 Blocks remaining: -14967
wodim: WARNING: Data may not fit on current disk.
wodim: Notice: Overburning active. Trying to write more than the official disk capacity.
Speed set to 1764 KB/s
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed  10.0 in real SAO mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write in    0 seconds. Operation starts.
Waiting for reader process to fill input buffer ... input buffer ready.
Performing OPC...
Sending CUE sheet...
Writing pregap for track 1 at -150
Starting new track at sector: 0
Track 01:  724 of  732 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf 100%]  10.7x.Errno: 5 (Input/output error), write_g1 scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  2A 00 00 05 A9 9D 00 00 1F 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: 70 00 03 00 00 00 00 0A 3C 30 00 80 02 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x3 Medium Error, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0x02 Qual 0x00 (no seek complete) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk 0 (not valid) 
cmd finished after 26.366s timeout 200s

write track data: error after 760014848 bytes
wodim: A write error occured.
wodim: Please properly read the error message above.
Writing  time:  549.691s
Average write speed   9.1x.
Min drive buffer fill was 99%
Fixating...
Fixating time:    0.183s
wodim: fifo had 12091 puts and 11972 gets.
wodim: fifo was 0 times empty and 11841 times full, min fill was 96%.
root@T42:~# 

成功尝试：

root@T42:~# wodim -v speed=1 dev='/dev/scd0' -sao -overburn /home/martin/Downloads/linux.iso
    TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM
    scsidev: '/dev/scd0'
    devname: '/dev/scd0'
    scsibus: -2 target: -2 lun: -2
    Linux sg driver version: 3.5.27
    Wodim version: 1.1.11
    SCSI buffer size: 64512
    Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
    Version        : 5
    Response Format: 2
    Capabilities   : 
    Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
    Identification : 'DVDRAM GSA-4083N'
    Revision       : '1.00'
    Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
    Current: 0x0009 (CD-R)
    Profile: 0x0012 (DVD-RAM) 
    Profile: 0x0011 (DVD-R sequential recording) 
    Profile: 0x0015 (DVD-R/DL sequential recording) 
    Profile: 0x0016 (DVD-R/DL layer jump recording) 
    Profile: 0x0014 (DVD-RW sequential recording) 
    Profile: 0x0013 (DVD-RW restricted overwrite) 
    Profile: 0x001A (DVD+RW) 
    Profile: 0x001B (DVD+R) 
    Profile: 0x002B (DVD+R/DL) 
    Profile: 0x0010 (DVD-ROM) 
    Profile: 0x0009 (CD-R) (current)
    Profile: 0x000A (CD-RW) 
    Profile: 0x0008 (CD-ROM) 
    Profile: 0x0002 (Removable disk) 
    Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
    Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE 
    Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
    Drive buf size : 1053696 = 1029 KB
    Beginning DMA speed test. Set CDR_NODMATEST environment variable if device
    communication breaks or freezes immediately after that.
    Drive DMA Speed: 15143 kB/s 86x CD 10x DVD
    FIFO size      : 12582912 = 12288 KB
    Track 01: data   732 MB        
    Total size:      840 MB (83:17.54) = 374816 sectors
    Lout start:      841 MB (83:19/41) = 374816 sectors
    Current Secsize: 2048
    ATIP info from disk:
      Indicated writing power: 5
      Is not unrestricted
      Is not erasable
      Disk sub type: Medium Type A, high Beta category (A+) (3)
      ATIP start of lead in:  -11634 (97:26/66)
      ATIP start of lead out: 359846 (79:59/71)
    Disk type:    Short strategy type (Phthalocyanine or similar)
    Manuf. index: 3
    Manufacturer: CMC Magnetics Corporation
    Blocks total: 359846 Blocks current: 359846 Blocks remaining: -14970
    wodim: WARNING: Data may not fit on current disk.
    wodim: Notice: Overburning active. Trying to write more than the official disk capacity.
    Speed set to 1764 KB/s
    Starting to write CD/DVD at speed  10.0 in real SAO mode for single session.
    Last chance to quit, starting real write in    0 seconds. Operation starts.
    Waiting for reader process to fill input buffer ... input buffer ready.
    Performing OPC...
    Sending CUE sheet...
    Writing pregap for track 1 at -150
    Starting new track at sector: 0
    Track 01:  732 of  732 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf  99%]  10.6x.
    Track 01: Total bytes read/written: 767623168/767623168 (374816 sectors).
    Writing  time:  520.286s
    Average write speed   9.6x.
    Min drive buffer fill was 99%
    Fixating...
    Fixating time:    4.733s
    wodim: fifo had 12091 puts and 12091 gets.
    wodim: fifo was 0 times empty and 11889 times full, min fill was 96%.
    root@T42:~#

过度燃烧能力是否仅取决于CD-R/CD-RW引线的大小？此外，在CD-R ATIP信息部分，“低Beta类别(B-) (4)”和“高Beta类别(A+) (3)”意味着什么？

Answer 1

最初的CD数据存储大小是650 MiB；这些也称为74分钟CD，因为这是您可以进入同一空间的音频数据量。在CD-Rs开始可用之后，您就开始看到700台MiB(或80分钟) CD-Rs。这些天出售的大部分CD-R都是这种较新的。

我从未见过一台CD-R能容纳733个MiB，而且亚马逊的第一页结果是“CD-R”。也没有表现出那么大。

这可能只是盲目的运气，让这一形象燃烧在一起。或者，它最终可能没有正确燃烧。如果您的OS安装程序有媒体验证功能，那么您肯定应该在第一次从过热的光盘安装时使用它。

该映像可能根本不适合于CD-Rs。ISO CD格式最近开始流行于USB关键图像。有一些像UNetbootin这样的工具就是为了这个目的。

Answer 2

沃伦·杨( Warren )在2013年可能还不知道这一点，但Mediarange生产的CD-R磁盘可以接受90分钟(800 in )或100分钟(900 in )的音乐，但你必须在你的烧录软件中使用一个特殊的烧录功能。在当时，Nero是一款流行的软件。

现在，在2019年，当我安装我的新电脑，寻找我的老软件时，当我解释如何在CD-R磁盘上烧录音乐，在我的车里使用它们时，我会皱眉头。人们建议我应该拿出USB棒，或者通过移动互联网播放音乐。

嗯，我试过了，但是当我中断电源的时候，汽车里的一根USB卡就失去了我正在听的专辑的音轨，甚至只是为了启动引擎。移动互联网的花费比我花在预付费手机上半年的10欧元还要多。所以，如果你愿意的话，请叫我老派，但请尊重我的自由选择！