数据包跟踪器中将IPPhone添加到VLAN中的问题

Question

我试图在一个VLAN中添加两个IPPHONES，它似乎没有工作，因为电话没有接收到他们的ip地址。我有一个路由器通过交换机，然后电话连接到交换机。我正在遵循这个https://edsonvuma.wordpress.com/2013/06/10/configuring-voip-basic-level_封包追踪器/教程。

添加这些手机的最佳或最常见方法是什么？这是我的三种开关配置和图表

Lan-Switch1 1：

interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description Connection to Switch 2 GigabitEthernet0/1
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
 description Connection to Switch 3 GigabitEthernet0/1
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 description classroom 1 and classroom 2
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan11
 description classroom 3 and classroom 4
 ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address 192.168.10.254
!
interface Vlan12
 description secretary and principal
 ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address 192.168.10.254
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
logging 192.168.10.254
line con 0
 exec-timeout 6 50
 password 7 080C556D061716181E0E
 logging synchronous
 login
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 5 30
 password 7 080C557A0C150B1206
 logging synchronous
 login
line vty 5 15
 exec-timeout 5 30
 password 7 080C557E080A16001D1908
 logging synchronous
 login
!
!
ntp authentication-key 1 md5 0832494D1B1C112713181F13253920 7
ntp server 192.168.10.254 key 0
!
end

Lan-Switch2 2：

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
 switchport access vlan 11
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree guard root
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description Connection to switch 1 GigabitEthernet0/1
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
 description UNUSED
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport mode trunk
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 description classroom 1 and classroom 2
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
!
logging 192.168.10.254
!
!
!
line con 0
 password 7 080C556D061716181E0E
 logging synchronous
 login
 exec-timeout 6 50
!
line vty 0 4
 login
line vty 5 15
 login
!
!
end

Lan-Switch3 3：

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description Connection to Switch1 GigabitEthernet0/2
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
 description UNUSED
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport mode trunk
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 description classroom 1 and classroom 2
 ip address 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.0
!
logging 192.168.10.254
!
!
!
line con 0
 password 7 080C556D061716181E0E
 logging synchronous
 login
 exec-timeout 6 50
!
line vty 0 4
 login
line vty 5 15
 login
!
!
end

Answer 1

首先，您需要在您的Lan 1上启用IP routing (我在您的配置中没有看到这一点)，然后验证以下要点：

• 您可以从Lan 1上的Int 12到达/ping DHCP服务器(192.168.10.254)。
• VLAN 12在所有网络设备上配置。
• DHCP服务处于打开状态，IP电话的DHCP范围在DHCP服务器上正确配置(192.168.10.254)。
• 在Lan 1上配置一个语音端口，并通过将它连接到此端口来测试您的IP电话：

最新答案：

下面是我的设置。IP_Phone和PC (在Switch1上的VLAN 12中)都可以从DHCP服务器获得IP地址：

//COnfiguration on Switch0

Vlan 10
 name Classroom1_2
Vlan 11
 name Classroom3_4
vlan 12   
 name Secretary_Principal
!
ip routing  
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
 description DHCP Server
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description Switch1 (g0/1)
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface Vlan10
 description classroom 1 and classroom 2
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan11
 description classroom 3 and classroom 4
 ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address 192.168.10.254
!
interface Vlan12
 description secretary and principal
 ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address 192.168.10.254



 //Configuration on Switch1
Vlan 10
 name Classroom1_2
vlan 12   
 name Secretary_Principal
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 description IP_Phone
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 switchport voice vlan 12
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 description PC
 switchport access vlan 12
 switchport mode access
 spanning-tree portfast
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 description Switch0 (g0/1)
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface Vlan10
 description classroom 1 and classroom 2
 ip address 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.0
!

我希望这会有所帮助。