blocks|key|2735420|text|Linux发行版之所以是“免费的”，是因为它包含的许多软件都被(简称GPL)覆盖。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2735421|有两种不同类型的“免费”：|2735422|查看和修改源代码的自由("libre")|unordered-list-item|2735423|免费(“免费”)|2735424|GPL是关于第一个“自由”的，而不是第二个。|2735425|如果Red发布了源代码，那么它们很可能是在遵守许可。|2735426|进一步读：|2735427|什么是自由软件？|offset|length|2735428|免费提供的与Libre的比较|2735429|参考文献：|2735430|GNU通用公共许可证|2735431|GPLv3+3快速指南|2735432|GPL允许我为了钱而出售这个程序的副本吗？|2735433|红帽源RPMS|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html|1|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_libre|2|http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html|3|http://www.gnu.org/licenses/quick-guide-gplv3.html|4|http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#DoesTheGPLAllowMoney|5|http://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/6Client/en/os/SRPMS/^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|8|0|0|0|E|1|0|0|0|A|2|0|0|B|3|0|0|L|4|0|0|7|5^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|1L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|1M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|1N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|F|7|1O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|1P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|1Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|1R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|F|7|1S|8|@]|9|@$Q|1T|R|1U|1|1V]]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|F|7|1W|8|@]|9|@$Q|1X|R|1Y|1|1Z]]|A|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|6|7|20|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|W|3|X|5|F|7|21|8|@]|9|@$Q|22|R|23|1|24]]|A|$]]|$1|Y|3|Z|5|F|7|25|8|@]|9|@$Q|26|R|27|1|28]]|A|$]]|$1|10|3|11|5|F|7|29|8|@]|9|@$Q|2A|R|2B|1|2C]]|A|$]]|$1|12|3|13|5|F|7|2D|8|@]|9|@$Q|2E|R|2F|1|2G]]|A|$]]]|14|$15|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1A]]|1B|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1C]]|1D|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1E]]|1F|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1G]]|1H|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1I]]|1J|$5|16|17|18|A|$19|1K]]]]

The reason that a Linux distribution is "free" is that many of the pieces of software it includes are covered by the GNU General Public License (GPL for short).

There are two different types of "free":

<ul>
<li>freedom to see and modify the source code ("libre")</li>
<li>free of charge ("gratis")</li>
</ul>

The GPL is about the first "freedom", not the second.

Provided Red Hat release the source code, then they are probably complying with the license.

Further reading:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_libre">Gratis versus Libre</a></li>
</ul>

References:

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/quick-guide-gplv3.html">A Quick Guide to the GPLv3</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#DoesTheGPLAllowMoney">Does the GPL allow me to sell copies of the program for money?</a></li>
<li><a href="http://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/6Client/en/os/SRPMS/">Red Hat source RPMS</a></li>
</ul>

blocks|key|905658|text|RedHat收取的很多费用实际上是对操作系统本身的支持和服务。它们有自己的特定配置和构建，但任何Linux提供程序都有。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|905659|RedHat能够收费的真正原因是它们的支持服务适合企业级。它们的市场空间包括企业和大型组织，它们对维护和支持的需求非常大。大多数大型组织都无法以成本效益的方式在IT内部生存。|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|D|$]]

A lot of what RedHat charges for is actually the support and services around the OS itself. They have their own specific config and build, but any Linux provider has that. 

The real reason RedHat can charge is that their support services are appropriate at enterprise level. Their market space includes corporates and large organisations whose need for maintenance and support is significant. Most large organisations couldn't survive on in house IT in a cost effective manner.

blocks|key|2735566|text|更具体地说，Red可以免费提供用于构建其发行版的二进制版本(基本ISO、更新等)的源RPM。您可以抓取所有SRPM并构建它们，您将基本上拥有RHEL。有许多项目就是这样做的(通过一些重新命名)、著名的CentOS、科学Linux、白盒等等。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2735567|正如米克尔所指出的，红帽是"libre"，因为它释放SRPMs。它不是“免费”的，因为它负责从SRPMs进行构建工作，并提供企业级支持(后者显然对他们的底线更为重要)。|2735568|看看Ars这篇关于Red商业模式的文章，以及它是如何从20世纪90年代末到21世纪初转变到今天的：|2735569|http://arstechnica.com/business/2012/02/how-red-hat-killed-its-core-productand-became-a-billion-dollar-business/|offset|length|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|0|0|34|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@$H|T|I|U|1|V]]|A|$]]]|J|$K|$5|L|M|N|A|$O|G]]]]

To be a bit more specific, Red Hat does freely provide the source RPMs used to build the binary version of their distribution (the base ISO, updates, etc). You can grab all the SRPMs and build them, and you will essentially have RHEL. There are a number of projects that do just this (with some rebranding), notable CentOS, Scientific Linux, White Box, etc.

As Mikel notes, Red Hat is "libre", since it releases the SRPMs. It is not "gratis", as it charges for doing the work in building from the SRPMs, and providing enterprise-grade support (the latter is obviously more important for their bottom line).

Take a look at this Ars article on Red Hat's business model, and how it changed from the late 1990s/early 2000s to what it is today:

<a href="http://arstechnica.com/business/2012/02/how-red-hat-killed-its-core-productand-became-a-billion-dollar-business/" rel="nofollow">http://arstechnica.com/business/2012/02/how-red-hat-killed-its-core-productand-became-a-billion-dollar-business/</a>

blocks|key|2735589|text|如果您想要一个没有许可证费用的RedHat，可以使用Fedora、科学Linux或CentOS。软种属(+Fedora+)来自RedHat，而科学和CentOS是RedHat克隆。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2735590|CentOS更接近于RedHat，其主要目标是二进制兼容性。|2735591|OpenSource不禁止您支付(修补程序)发行版支持。|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|F|$]]

If you want a RedHat without licence costs use Fedora, Scientific Linux or CentOS.
Fedora is from RedHat, whereas Scientific and CentOS are RedHat clones.

CentOS is closer to RedHat, its main aim is binary compatibility.

OpenSource does not forbid that you pay for (patch) distribution support.

blocks|key|2735542|text|至于Red，它不同于其他Linux发行版，因为它主要用于企业的服务器端。在这种情况下，企业需要红帽的充分支持和系统更新，因为它在生产服务器上运行，这样的大企业不会运行不受支持的系统，这就是大部分红帽收费的实质所在。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|entityMap^0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|C|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|B|$]]

As for Red Hat, it's different from other Linux distributions because it is used mostly on the server side by Enterprises. In this case, Enterprises need full support and system updates for Red Hat because its running on their production servers and such big enterprises wouldn't run unsupported systems, this is what most of Red Hat charges is actually for.

Why isn't <code>Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop</code> free?

Isn't it a <code>Linux</code> OS? If it is, so why is not free?

<a href="http://www.redhat.com/products/enterprise-linux/desktop/" rel="noreferrer">http://www.redhat.com/products/enterprise-linux/desktop/</a>

Why isn't Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop free?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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为什么Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop不是免费的？它不是Linux操作系统吗？如果是，那为什么不自由呢？http://www.redhat.com/products/enterprise-linux/desktop/

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