使用grep时将输出显示到控制台

Question

在vim中，我使用以下命令编译tex文件：

pdflatex\ \-file\-line\-error\ \-shell\-escape\ \-interaction=nonstopmode\ $*\\\|\ grep\ \-P\ ':\\d{1,5}:\ '

这有助于将错误输入快速修复窗口(如果不使用vim，请忽略这句话)。唯一的问题是，当文档正在编译时，我希望看到胶乳输出出现在屏幕上(现在grep吞噬了所有输出)。

我该怎么做才能做到这一点？我已经试过把它全部连接到tail上，但都没有用。

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Vim只应显示：

main.tex l.47 undefined control sequence

然而，我喜欢看到输出，这样我就可以得到一些关于正在编译哪个页面的反馈，等等。

Answer 1

您是否尝试过使用errorformat而不是grep来实现输出？C.f.http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Errorformats。如果设置make命令( http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Make_制作_更多_有帮助 )，则特别有用。

谢谢你更新的输出，罗米夫。听起来你希望有这样的东西：

set errorformat=%E%f:%l:\ %m%C1.%l\ %Z

我不能测试这个，但是根据输出，它似乎是你想要的。

Answer 2

您确实应该看看橡胶 (在许多发行版中打包)：

related是一个程序，其目的是处理与编译LaTeX文档相关的所有任务。当然，这包括编译文档本身足够多的时间，以便定义所有引用，并运行BibTeX来管理书目引用。还包括自动执行用于生成PostScript文档的dvips，以及使用pdfLaTeX生成PDF文档。

error将隐藏所有的输出(重定向到一个.log文件)，并在调用时只显示相关的错误消息。

Answer 3

这一切都是关于输出缓冲。

您所面临的问题不在于grep的工作方式，而在于管道的工作方式。或者更准确地说，pdflatex是如何允许管道工作的。它以标准的方式使用管道--这意味着通过管道的输出被缓冲。是pdflatex程序决定了它自己的输出是否可以缓冲。我不确定，但我认为在这个程序的一侧没有标准选项可以告诉它不要缓冲它的重定向输出。

但是，您可以使用stdbuf程序，它充当命令(pdflatex)的包装器，并根据需要调整输出流的字符：

stdbuf -oL pdflatex -file-line-error ... | grep ...

或

stdbuf -o0 pdflatex -file-line-error ... | grep ...

(剥离转义并修剪命令以提高可读性。)详情请参见man stdbuf。

此外，您还可以欺骗pdflatex (完全无害)，让它“认为”输出没有被重定向，从而避免缓冲它的输出。script程序可以用于：

script -c 'pdflatex -file-line-error ... ' | grep ...

请注意，这个命令需要整个pdflatex ...命令的引号。