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社区首页 >问答首页 >OSPF NSSA负载平衡

问OSPF NSSA负载平衡
EN

Network Engineering用户
提问于 2015-09-02 12:34:16
回答 2查看 688关注 0票数 4

我有一个OSPF网络分区到两个区域，如下图所示。

区域4被配置为无摘要的NSSA，它只接收默认路由。路由器R3、R4、R5正在重新分配相同的IP地址100.0.0.1 (本地配置的回收站接口)。我的问题是，R2安装到目的地的3条路由(OSPF NSSA外部类型2)，而R1只安装一条(OSPF外部类型2)。

R2路由表：

代码语言：javascript
复制
R2#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 10.0.12.1, 00:10:38, FastEthernet0/1
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     100.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O N2    100.0.0.1 [110/20] via 10.0.99.5, 00:03:45, FastEthernet0/0
                  [110/20] via 10.0.99.4, 00:04:14, FastEthernet0/0
                  [110/20] via 10.0.99.3, 00:04:33, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 10.0.99.3, 00:11:17, FastEthernet0/0
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       4.4.4.4 [110/2] via 10.0.99.4, 00:11:17, FastEthernet0/0
     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 10.0.99.5, 00:11:18, FastEthernet0/0
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C       10.0.12.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C       10.0.27.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
O       10.0.16.0/30 [110/2] via 10.0.12.1, 00:10:40, FastEthernet0/1
O       10.0.67.0/30 [110/2] via 10.0.27.2, 00:11:28, FastEthernet1/0
C       10.0.99.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R1路由表：

代码语言：javascript
复制
R1#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 10.0.12.2, 00:12:06, FastEthernet0/1
     100.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    100.0.0.1 [110/20] via 10.0.99.5, 00:05:02, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 10.0.99.3, 00:12:06, FastEthernet0/0
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       4.4.4.4 [110/2] via 10.0.99.4, 00:12:06, FastEthernet0/0
     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       5.5.5.5 [110/2] via 10.0.99.5, 00:12:07, FastEthernet0/0
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C       10.0.12.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O       10.0.27.0/30 [110/2] via 10.0.12.2, 00:12:07, FastEthernet0/1
C       10.0.16.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
O       10.0.67.0/30 [110/2] via 10.0.16.2, 00:12:07, FastEthernet1/0
C       10.0.99.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

据我所知，其中一个路由器执行7/5转换(在这种情况下是R2，因为它具有较高的路由器id)，因此它安装了3条所有路由。

我的问题是，是否可以负载平衡流量，以便所有的三条路线都安装在R1上？如果没有，是否可以从R1中删除到100.0.0.1的路由，以便流量只通过R2 (在我的例子中不是选项)。

路由器配置：

代码语言：javascript
复制
*********         R1        *************
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!         
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.99.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!         
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!         
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 10.0.16.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf 1 area 0     
!         
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 4 nssa no-summary
!
*********         R2        *************
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.99.2 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!         
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 10.0.27.1 255.255.255.252
 ip ospf 1 area 0
!
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 4 nssa no-summary
!
*********         R3        *************
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 100.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.99.3 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 4 nssa no-summary
 redistribute connected subnets
!
*********         R4        *************
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 100.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.99.4 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 4 nssa no-summary
 redistribute connected subnets
!
*********         R5        *************
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 100.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.0.99.5 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 4
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 5.5.5.5
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 4 nssa no-summary
 redistribute connected subnets

显示ip ospf数据库：

R1

代码语言：javascript
复制
R1# show ip ospf database 

            OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

        Router Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         35          0x80000003 0x00A5F4 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         34          0x80000003 0x00E88E 3
10.0.67.1       10.0.67.1       39          0x80000003 0x00FAB3 2
10.0.67.2       10.0.67.2       40          0x80000003 0x00F79D 2

        Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
10.0.12.2       2.2.2.2         37          0x80000001 0x00AC64
10.0.16.2       10.0.67.1       41          0x80000001 0x00EE91
10.0.27.2       10.0.67.2       40          0x80000001 0x00ABC3
10.0.67.2       10.0.67.2       44          0x80000001 0x00748C

        Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
3.3.3.3         1.1.1.1         25          0x80000001 0x00F436
3.3.3.3         2.2.2.2         35          0x80000001 0x00D650
4.4.4.4         1.1.1.1         39          0x80000001 0x00C660
4.4.4.4         2.2.2.2         39          0x80000001 0x00A87A
5.5.5.5         1.1.1.1         39          0x80000001 0x00988A
5.5.5.5         2.2.2.2         39          0x80000001 0x007AA4
10.0.99.0       1.1.1.1         80          0x80000001 0x00AD1D
10.0.99.0       2.2.2.2         83          0x80000001 0x008F37

        Router Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         42          0x80000002 0x00CB74 1
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         43          0x80000002 0x008DA9 1
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         43          0x80000002 0x00D041 2
4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4         52          0x80000002 0x00E420 2
5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5         51          0x80000002 0x00F8FE 2

        Net Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
10.0.99.5       5.5.5.5         43          0x80000002 0x00ACB7

        Summary Net Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
0.0.0.0         1.1.1.1         86          0x80000001 0x001B17
0.0.0.0         2.2.2.2         89          0x80000001 0x00FC31

        Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Tag
100.0.0.1       3.3.3.3         86          0x80000001 0x006CAC 0
100.0.0.1       4.4.4.4         97          0x80000001 0x008090 0
100.0.0.1       5.5.5.5         94          0x80000001 0x009474 0

        Type-5 AS External Link States

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Tag
100.0.0.1       2.2.2.2         29          0x80000001 0x0051D1 0

R2

代码语言：javascript
复制
R2#show ip ospf database 

            OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)

        Router Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         72          0x80000003 0x00A5F4 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         69          0x80000003 0x00E88E 3
10.0.67.1       10.0.67.1       76          0x80000003 0x00FAB3 2
10.0.67.2       10.0.67.2       75          0x80000003 0x00F79D 2

        Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
10.0.12.2       2.2.2.2         72          0x80000001 0x00AC64
10.0.16.2       10.0.67.1       77          0x80000001 0x00EE91
10.0.27.2       10.0.67.2       75          0x80000001 0x00ABC3
10.0.67.2       10.0.67.2       80          0x80000001 0x00748C

        Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
3.3.3.3         1.1.1.1         62          0x80000001 0x00F436
3.3.3.3         2.2.2.2         70          0x80000001 0x00D650
4.4.4.4         1.1.1.1         75          0x80000001 0x00C660
4.4.4.4         2.2.2.2         73          0x80000001 0x00A87A
5.5.5.5         1.1.1.1         75          0x80000001 0x00988A
5.5.5.5         2.2.2.2         73          0x80000001 0x007AA4
10.0.99.0       1.1.1.1         117         0x80000001 0x00AD1D
10.0.99.0       2.2.2.2         115         0x80000001 0x008F37

        Router Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         79          0x80000002 0x00CB74 1
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         76          0x80000002 0x008DA9 1
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         78          0x80000002 0x00D041 2
4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4         87          0x80000002 0x00E420 2
5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5         87          0x80000002 0x00F8FE 2

        Net Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
10.0.99.5       5.5.5.5         77          0x80000002 0x00ACB7

        Summary Net Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
0.0.0.0         1.1.1.1         122         0x80000001 0x001B17
0.0.0.0         2.2.2.2         121         0x80000001 0x00FC31

        Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 4)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Tag
100.0.0.1       3.3.3.3         120         0x80000001 0x006CAC 0
100.0.0.1       4.4.4.4         131         0x80000001 0x008090 0
100.0.0.1       5.5.5.5         128         0x80000001 0x009474 0

        Type-5 AS External Link States

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Tag
100.0.0.1       2.2.2.2         63          0x80000001 0x0051D1 0

更新

所以我找到了这个问题的部分解决方案。在负载共享不可能的情况下，我只想通过一个路由器(R1或R2)路由流量。如果我们在R2上禁止转发地址，这是可能的。这迫使区域0中的其他路由器使用R2作为通往100.0.0.1 IP地址的网关。

必须在R2上添加以下命令。

代码语言：javascript
复制
router ospf 1
 area 4 nssa translate type7 suppress-fa
ospf
cisco
routing
EN

回答 2

Network Engineering用户

发布于 2015-09-02 14:09:09

我注意到你的配置中有一个问题。您的ASBRs (R3-5)和ABR (R1-2)配置为area 4 nssa no-summary，根据NSSA区域http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/6208-nssa.html的配置指南，您应该只对ABR发布不总结。

票数 2
EN

Network Engineering用户

发布于 2015-10-30 16:35:47

我对这个拓扑进行了实验，我得到了R1和R2上所需的3条路由。

show ip ospf | i NSSA的输出是什么？

它应该是

代码语言：javascript
复制
R1#show ip ospf | i NSSA
 Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)
        It is a NSSA area

如果输出显示RFC 1587，则必须在OSPF进程下禁用它。

代码语言：javascript
复制
router ospf 1  
 no compatible rfc1587
票数 2
EN
页面原文内容由Network Engineering提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/21100

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