简单问答程序

Question

我一直在尝试用Python做一个简单的“测试”程序。我打算做的是，比如说，一个三轮测验，每一轮都有三个问题。在每一轮结束时，该程序将提示用户是否参加“奖金”问题。

print("Mathematics Quiz")
question1 = "Who is president of USA?"
options1 = "a.Myslef\nb. His dad\nc. His mom\nd. Barack Obama\n"
print(question1)
print(options1)

while True:
    response = input("Hit 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd' for your answer\n")

    if response == "d":
        break
    else:
        print("Incorrect!!! Try again.")

        while True:
            response = input("Hit 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd' for your answer\n")

            if response == "d":
                stop = True
                break
            else:
                print("Incorrect!!! You ran out of your attempts")
                stop = True
                break
        if stop:
            break

# DO the same for the next questions of your round (copy-paste-copy-paste).
# At the end of the round, paste the following code for the bonus question.

# Now the program will ask the user to go for the bonus question or not

while True:
    bonus = input("Would you like to give a try to the bonus question?\nHit 'y' for yes and 'n' for no.\n")

    if bonus == "y":
        print("Who invented Facebook?")
        print("a. Me\nb. His dad\nc. Mark Zuckerberg\nd. Aliens")

        while True:
            response = input("Hit 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd' for your answer\n")

            if response == "c":
                break
            else:
                print("Incorrect!!! Try again.")

            while True:
                response = input("Hit 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd' for your answer\n")


                if response == "c":
                    stop = True
                    break
                else:
                    print("Incorrect!!! You ran out of your attempts")
                    stop = True
                    break
            if stop:
                break
        break
    elif bonus == "n":
        break
    else:
        print("INVALID INPUT!!! Only hit 'y' or 'n' for your response")

# Now do the same as done above for the next round and another bonus question.

现在，这段代码对于一个问题来说是非常长的，我不认为这是“真正的”编程。我不想一遍又一遍地复制粘贴它。我想知道是否有任何方法可以使用class或定义函数之类的方法来缩短代码？

Answer 1

import string

NUMBER_OF_ATTEMPTS = 2
ENTER_ANSWER = 'Hit %s for your answer\n'
TRY_AGAIN = 'Incorrect!!! Try again.'
NO_MORE_ATTEMPTS = 'Incorrect!!! You ran out of your attempts'

def question(message, options, correct, attempts=NUMBER_OF_ATTEMPTS):
    '''
    message - string 
    options - list
    correct - int (Index of list which holds the correct answer)
    attempts - int
    '''
    optionLetters = string.ascii_lowercase[:len(options)]
    print message
    print ' '.join('%s: %s' % (letter, answer) for letter, answer in zip(optionLetters, options))
    while attempts > 0:
        response = input(ENTER_ANSWER % ', '.join(optionLetters)) # For python 3
        #response = raw_input(ENTER_ANSWER % ', '.join(optionLetters)) # For python 2
        if response == optionLetters[correct]:
            return True
        else:
            attempts -= 1
            print TRY_AGAIN

    print NO_MORE_ATTEMPTS
    return False


print("Mathematics Quiz")

# question1 and question2 will be 'True' or 'False' 
question1 = question('Who is president of USA?', ['myself', 'His Dad', 'His Mom', 'Barack Obama'], 3)
question2 = question('Who invented Facebook?', ['Me', 'His Dad', 'Mark Zuckerberg', 'Aliens', 'Someone else'], 2)

我不知道你在用哪条蟒蛇。尝试第20行或第21行，看看哪一行最适合您。

总的来说，这个函数允许你输入问题，你想要多少回答多少，它会为你做剩下的。

祝好运。

Answer 2

您也可以使用字典来准备问题，然后简单地按某种顺序提问(在这种情况下是随机的)：

import random

# Dictionary of questions and answers

questions = {
            'Who is president of USA?':
            ('\na. Myslef\nb. His dad\nc. His mom\nd. Barack Obama\n', 'd'),
            'What is the capital of USA?':
            ('\na. Zimbabwe\nb. New York\nc. Washington\nd. Do not exist', 'c')
            }

def ask_question(questions):
    '''Asks random question from 'questions 'dictionary and returns
       players's attempt and correct answer.'''

    item = random.choice(list(questions.items()))
    question = item[0]
    (variants, answer) = item[1]
    print(question, variants)
    attempt = input('\nHit \'a\', \'b\', \'c\' or \'d\' for your answer\n')
    return (attempt, answer)

# Questions loop
tries = 0
for questions_number in range(5):
    while True: # Asking 1 question
        attempt, answer = ask_question(questions)
        if attempt not in {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'}:
            print('INVALID INPUT!!! Only hit \'y\' or \'n\' for your response')
        elif attempt == answer:
            print('Correct')
            stop_asking = False
            break
        elif tries == 1: # Specify the number of tries to fail the answer        
            print('Incorrect!!! You ran out of your attempts')
            stop_asking = True
            break
        else:
            tries += 1
            print('Incorrect!!! Try again.')
    if stop_asking:
        break

您可以使用它作为模板，并修改一些代码以添加额外的检查，或者将部分循环封装在另一个函数中，该函数将在主循环中调用。

此外，通过小编辑，您可以从文本文件中导入问题和答案。

Answer 3

asking = True
attempts = 0
while asking == True:
    response = input("Hit 'a', 'b', 'c' or 'd' for your answer\n")

    if response == "d":
        asking = False
    else:
        if attempts < 1: # 1 = Max Attempts
            print("Incorrect!!! Try again.")
            attempts += 1
        else:
            print("Incorrect!!! You ran out of your attempts")
            asking = False

第二部分遵循同样的模式，作为一个很好的练习。

这里主要要注意的是，您正在将while循环链接到循环，而不是实际让while循环循环。:)