Ubuntu22.04:突然重新启动系统，我如何解决这个问题？

Question

我已经经历了一段时间了，一些不想要的重新启动，原因还不清楚。一开始，当电脑被购买时，大约一年前，一切都很稳定。

检查重新启动日志时，会报告上一次会话正在运行。

$ ~ ❯ last reboot                                                   05:14:52
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-50-generi Sat Oct 15 05:11   still running
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-50-generi Wed Oct 12 13:21   still running
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-48-generi Mon Oct 10 19:53 - 13:21 (1+17:27)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-48-generi Thu Oct  6 08:08 - 13:21 (6+05:13)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-47-generi Thu Sep 29 10:13 - 13:21 (13+03:07)

当进一步查看utmp文件时，会记录一次崩溃。

$ /var/log ❯ last -f wtmp                                                                                                                                                    andrea   tty2         tty2             Sat Oct 15 05:11   still logged in
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-50-generi Sat Oct 15 05:11   still running
andrea   tty2         tty2             Wed Oct 12 13:22 - crash (2+15:49)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Wed Oct 12 13:21 - 13:21  (00:00)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-50-generi Wed Oct 12 13:21   still running
andrea   tty2         tty2             Mon Oct 10 19:53 - down  (1+17:27)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-48-generi Mon Oct 10 19:53 - 13:21 (1+17:27)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Thu Oct  6 08:08 - crash (4+11:45)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-48-generi Thu Oct  6 08:08 - 13:21 (6+05:13)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Thu Sep 29 10:19 - crash (6+21:48)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Thu Sep 29 10:17 - 10:19  (00:01)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-47-generi Thu Sep 29 10:13 - 13:21 (13+03:07)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Thu Sep 29 09:33 - down   (00:40)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-47-generi Thu Sep 29 09:29 - 10:13  (00:44)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Thu Aug 25 09:40 - down  (34+23:48)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-46-generi Thu Aug 25 09:37 - 09:29 (34+23:51)
andrea   tty3                          Sat Jul  2 15:13 - 15:13  (00:00)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Sat Jul  2 13:57 - down  (53+19:40)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-40-generi Sat Jul  2 13:56 - 09:37 (53+19:40)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Sat Jul  2 10:52 - down   (03:04)
reboot   system boot  5.15.0-40-generi Sat Jul  2 10:51 - 13:56  (03:04)
andrea   tty2         tty2             Sat Jul  2 11:17 - down   (-00:28)

我正在运行5.15.0-50通用内核，并在硬件快照下面运行。完整的详细信息，这里。

H/W path         Device          Class          Description
===========================================================
                                 system         MACHD-WXX9 (C100)
/0                               bus            MACHD-WXX9-PCB
/0/0                             memory         128KiB BIOS
/0/4                             processor      11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1135G7 @ 2.40GHz
/0/4/6                           memory         128KiB L1 cache
/0/4/7                           memory         5MiB L2 cache
/0/4/8                           memory         8MiB L3 cache
/0/5                             memory         192KiB L1 cache
/0/d                             memory         16GiB System Memory
/0/d/0                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/1                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/2                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/3                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/4                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/5                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/6                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/d/7                           memory         2GiB Row of chips LPDDR4 Synchronous 4267 MHz (0.2 ns)
/0/100                           bridge         11th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
/0/100/2         /dev/fb0        display        TigerLake-LP GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics]
/0/100/2/0       input15         input          DP-3
/0/100/4                         generic        TigerLake-LP Dynamic Tuning Processor Participant
/0/100/7                         bridge         Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 PCI Express Root Port #0
/0/100/7.2                       bridge         Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 PCI Express Root Port #2
/0/100/d                         bus            Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 USB Controller
/0/100/d/0       usb1            bus            xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/d/1       usb2            bus            xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/d/1/3                     bus            USB3.0 Hub
/0/100/d.2                       bus            Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 NHI #0
/0/100/d.3                       bus            Tiger Lake-LP Thunderbolt 4 NHI #1
/0/100/14                        bus            Tiger Lake-LP USB 3.2 Gen 2x1 xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14/0      usb3            bus            xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14/0/4                    bus            USB2.0 Hub
/0/100/14/0/7    input16         multimedia     HD Camera: HD Camera
/0/100/14/0/a                    communication  AX201 Bluetooth
/0/100/14/1      usb4            bus            xHCI Host Controller
/0/100/14.2                      memory         RAM memory
/0/100/14.3      wlp0s20f3       network        Wi-Fi 6 AX201
/0/100/15                        bus            Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0
/0/100/15.1                      bus            Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #1
/0/100/16                        communication  Tiger Lake-LP Management Engine Interface
/0/100/1d                        bridge         Tiger Lake-LP PCI Express Root Port #9
/0/100/1d/0      /dev/nvme0      storage        SAMSUNG MZVLB512HBJQ-00000
/0/100/1d/0/0    hwmon3          disk           NVMe disk
/0/100/1d/0/2    /dev/ng0n1      disk           NVMe disk
/0/100/1d/0/1    /dev/nvme0n1    disk           512GB NVMe disk
/0/100/1d/0/1/1  /dev/nvme0n1p1  volume         199MiB Windows FAT volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/2  /dev/nvme0n1p2  volume         15MiB reserved partition
/0/100/1d/0/1/3  /dev/nvme0n1p3  volume         79GiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/4  /dev/nvme0n1p4  volume         511MiB Windows FAT volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/5  /dev/nvme0n1p5  volume         17GiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/6  /dev/nvme0n1p6  volume         1023MiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/7  /dev/nvme0n1p7  volume         347GiB EXT4 volume
/0/100/1d/0/1/8  /dev/nvme0n1p8  volume         29GiB Linux swap volume
/0/100/1e                        communication  Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO UART Controller #0
/0/100/1e.3                      bus            Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO SPI Controller #1
/0/100/1f                        bridge         Tiger Lake-LP LPC Controller
/0/100/1f/0                      system         PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/1                      generic        PnP device INT3f0d
/0/100/1f/2                      input          PnP device PNP0303
/0/100/1f/3                      system         PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/4                      system         PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/5                      system         PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f/6                      system         PnP device PNP0c02
/0/100/1f.3      card0           multimedia     Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Technology Audio Controller
/0/100/1f.4                      bus            Tiger Lake-LP SMBus Controller
/0/100/1f.5                      bus            Tiger Lake-LP SPI Controller
/1                               power          HB4593R1ECW-22T0
/2               input0          input          Lid Switch
/3               input1          input          Power Button
/4               input10         input          GXTP7863:00 27C6:01E0 Touchpad
/5               input12         input          SYNA2393:00 06CB:19AC
/6               input14         input          Video Bus
/7               input17         input          sof-hda-dsp Headphone
/8               input18         input          sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=3
/9               input19         input          sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=4
/a               input2          input          AT Translated Set 2 keyboard
/b               input20         input          sof-hda-dsp HDMI/DP,pcm=5
/c               input23         input          Paris Keyboard
/d               input26         input          Paris Mouse
/e               input8          input          Huawei WMI hotkeys
/f               input9          input          GXTP7863:00 27C6:01E0 Mouse

完整的HTML报告以红色显示两个部分:内存和串行总线控制器。

我不知道红色是否表示出了问题，不过我记得有一次我修复了几台计算机突然崩溃，原因是内存CPU和内存不兼容。不确定这里的问题是否相同。

/proc/sys/内核/panic文件中有0；我猜这意味着没有错误的驱动程序可能是重新启动的原因？

对继续调查和解决这一问题的任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

如果您看到了随机的软件问题，也就是说，如果“不可能用读取日志进行分析”，那么您可能会考虑转而寻找硬件问题。

我对非理性行为的体验“总是”导致硬件之间的“丑恶”连接；

例如，带有污垢连接器的RAM模块(使用铅笔橡皮擦清洗！)和浮躁的老式Molex型PSU提要(替换！)

计算机外壳越小，就越需要保证冷却的充分性。

定期清除积尘，确保冷却空气在使用过程中畅通无阻，避免“不惜一切代价”堵塞。

如果这些问题在污垢和污垢清理后仍然存在，你可能会发现电子产品会造成永久性的损坏，例如过热次数过多:那么，除了；替换，没有其他的补救方法了。(很难找到问题，可能是电路之间的“丢失时间”，通常无法通过简单的方法修复)。