如何查找未安装/已卸载的外部硬盘驱动器？

Question

我有十几个西部数字外部硬盘驱动器，被Ubuntu自动检测和安装。偶尔，他们中的一个正在被“卸载”，我不知道为什么。如果这是一个新的硬盘，我很明显会知道是哪个硬盘，我只需要拔掉插头和回复，这就可以了，但是对于那些不是新的硬盘，我不知道哪一个是卸载的。

问题：我如何知道哪一个或如何指示Ubuntu重新装入它？我不能拔出和回复他们1乘1(试验和错误)，因为这显然不是正确的方法。另外，请注意，我没有使用/etc/fstab。

我找到的最好的方法，但仍然很费时，就是查找已安装硬盘的序列号，并找出丢失的序列号，显然，我需要列出所有硬盘的序列号：

sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda | grep -E 'Serial\ Number'

请注意，其他故障排除方法(如blkid、fdisk、lsblk、lshw、lsusb等)无法工作，因为我甚至看不到该驱动器的/dev/sdxx。未安装的硬盘不在那里。

编辑 grep -i FPDMA /var/log/syslog*什么都不会出现

grep -i sdr /var/log/syslog* /var/log/syzab.1:Feb 5 10:25:42 u ntfs-3g:卸载/dev/sdr1 (元素)/var/log/syzab.1:Feb 5 10:25:42 uNTFS-3G:未能同步设备/dev/sdr1:输入/输出错误/var/log/sy.1:Feb 5 10:25:42 u ntfs-3g:未能关闭卷/dev/sdr1:输入/输出错误/var/log/sy.1:Feb 5 10:28:42 u smartd:设备: /dev/sdr已删除ATA设备:没有这样的设备二进制文件/var/log/syAdd.1-.3.gz匹配

lsusb总线002设备005: ID 1058:2627西部数字技术公司我的护照2627总线002设备003: ID 0480:0900东芝美国公司MQ04UBF100 Bus 002设备087: ID 1058:25a3西部数字技术公司元素桌面(WDBWLG)总线002设备084: ID 1058:25a3西部数字技术公司元件桌面(WDBWLG)总线002设备079: ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic，Inc.外部USB 3.0总线002设备092: ID 1058:25a3西部数字技术公司元素桌面(WDBWLG)总线002设备078: ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic，Inc.总线002设备085: ID 1058:25a3西部数字技术公司元素桌面(WDBWLG)总线002设备082: ID 1058:25a3西部数字技术公司USB3.1集线器总线002设备001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0根集线器总线003: ID 258 a:003a中国财富博彩KB总线009: ID 1058:25 ID Digital Technologies，Inc. Bus 001 Device 008: ID 1058:25a3 port Technologies，Inc. Elements (WDBWLG) Bus 007: ID 05e3:0610 Genesys，Inc. 4-端口枢纽总线006: ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic，Inc. 4-端口中心总线001设备005: ID05e3:0610 Genesys，Inc.公司4-端口集线器总线004: ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic，Inc. 4-端口集线器总线001设备002: ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic，Inc. 4-端口集线器总线001设备001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0根集线器

lsusb -tv

/:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/8p, 5000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
    |__ Port 1: Dev 76, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
        ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic, Inc. 
        |__ Port 2: Dev 78, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
            ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic, Inc. 
            |__ Port 4: Dev 92, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 2: Dev 86, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 3: Dev 89, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 1: Dev 83, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
        |__ Port 3: Dev 79, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
            ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic, Inc. 
            |__ Port 3: Dev 91, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 1: Dev 84, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 4: Dev 93, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 2: Dev 88, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
        |__ Port 1: Dev 77, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
            ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic, Inc. 
            |__ Port 4: Dev 85, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 2: Dev 80, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
            |__ Port 3: Dev 82, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
        |__ Port 4: Dev 81, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 5000M
            ID 05e3:0626 Genesys Logic, Inc. 
            |__ Port 3: Dev 87, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
    |__ Port 3: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
        ID 0480:0900 Toshiba America Inc MQ04UBF100
    |__ Port 4: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
        ID 1058:2627 Western Digital Technologies, Inc.  /:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/12p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic, Inc. 4-port hub
        |__ Port 3: Dev 6, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
            ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic, Inc. 4-port hub
        |__ Port 1: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
            ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic, Inc. 4-port hub
        |__ Port 4: Dev 7, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
            ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic, Inc. 4-port hub
            |__ Port 2: Dev 9, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M
                ID 1058:25ed Western Digital Technologies, Inc. 
            |__ Port 1: Dev 8, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M
                ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
        |__ Port 2: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
            ID 05e3:0610 Genesys Logic, Inc. 4-port hub
    |__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
        ID 258a:003a  
    |__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
        ID 258a:003a

：

sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdt: 12.75 TiB, 14000486088704 bytes, 27344699392 sectors
Disk model: Elements 25A3   
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 11B03256-64E9-4DDF-B8DC-09C8D167D338

Device     Start         End     Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdt1   2048 27344697343 27344695296 12.8T Microsoft basic data

Answer 1

USB附加SCSI (UAS)或USB附加SCSI协议(UASP)

在这里阅读https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_附_SCSI

在下面的脚本中，我已经列出了您所连接的三种不同类型的WD USB驱动器。通过试验和测试，您可能可以删除1或2的驱动器类型，如果不是所有的3需要此模式。

Bus 002 Device 005: ID 1058:2627 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. My Passport 2627
Bus 002 Device 083: ID 1058:25a3 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 1058:25ed Western Digital Technologies, Inc.

# drop this into /etc/modprobe.d/disable_uas.conf
# should look like this:
# -rw-r--r--   1 root root  505 Apr 30 11:36 disable-uas.conf
#
# sources:
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/525290/usb-hdd-not-found
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/239782/connection-problem-with-usb3-external-storage-on-linux-uas-driver-problem
#
# examples for single/multiple disks:
# options usb-storage quirks=059f:105e:u 
# options usb-storage quirks=059f:105f:u,059f:105e:u,174c:1351:u
#
# commands to complete this install:
# sudo update-initramfs -u
# reboot
#
# WD My Passport, WD Elements Desktop, WD
options usb-storage quirks=1058:2627:u,1058:25a3:u,1058:25ed:u