Ubuntu20.04LTS上的“ComplexHeatmap”包不能使用依赖项“Cairo”

Question

请解释一下造成这个错误的原因是什么？我正在尝试安装R包ComplexHeatmap，但我一直收到一个错误消息，即依赖关系Cairo不可用。我尝试过使用命令sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev安装Cairo，但是仍然会遇到相同的错误。运行命令sudo dpkg-query -l | grep libcairo2-dev还会显示Cairo包已经完全安装。

下面是我运行的命令和相应的输出：

安装ComplexHeatmap

> BiocManager::install("ComplexHeatmap")

compilation terminated.
make: *** [/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:168: xlib-backend.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘Cairo’
* removing ‘/root/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.1/Cairo’
ERROR: dependency ‘Cairo’ is not available for package ‘ComplexHeatmap’
* removing ‘/root/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.1/ComplexHeatmap’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/RtmpsD5M9H/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In .inet_warning(msg) :
  installation of package ‘Cairo’ had non-zero exit status
2: In .inet_warning(msg) :
  installation of package ‘ComplexHeatmap’ had non-zero exit status

要安装Cairo：

(base) power@power-SYS-7039A-I:~$ sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
libcairo2-dev is already the newest version (1.16.0-4ubuntu1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

为核实开罗的适当安装：

(base) power@power-SYS-7039A-I:~$ sudo dpkg-query -l | grep libcairo2-dev
ii  libcairo2-dev:amd64                        1.16.0-4ubuntu1                     amd64        Development files for the Cairo 2D graphics library

提前感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

您可能不希望读取编译期间显示的消息。Cairo包还需要来自libxt-dev 套餐的X11/Intrinsic.h。

对于具有R4.1的Ubuntu20.04LTS，请使用下面的命令安装所需的构建依赖关系：

sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev libxt-dev

然后再试。