如何为dpkg -S定义文件名搜索模式？

Question

man dpkg在没有给出filename-search-pattern的定义的情况下这么说。

              -S, --search filename-search-pattern...
                  Search for a filename from installed packages.

例如，下面的输出令人困惑。为什么通过移除前导"/"，查询字符串不必以结果字符串结尾。

谁能给出filename-search-pattern的定义，这样我才能确切地知道如何使用dpkg -S进行搜索？

$ dpkg -S /bin/ls
coreutils: /bin/ls
$ dpkg -S bin/ls
kmod: /sbin/lsmod
pciutils: /usr/bin/lspci
util-linux: /bin/lsblk
util-linux: /usr/bin/lsns
usbutils: /usr/bin/lsusb
e2fsprogs: /usr/bin/lsattr
util-linux: /usr/bin/lsmem
util-linux: /usr/bin/lslogins
initramfs-tools-core: /usr/bin/lsinitramfs
util-linux: /usr/bin/lsipc
kmod: /bin/lsmod
util-linux: /usr/bin/lslocks
gnupg-utils: /usr/bin/lspgpot
lsof: /usr/bin/lsof
coreutils: /bin/ls
util-linux: /usr/bin/lscpu
klibc-utils: /usr/lib/klibc/bin/ls
lshw: /usr/bin/lshw
lsb-release: /usr/bin/lsb_release

Answer 1

-S选项dpkg实际上是一个dpkg-query操作，如man dpkg的ACTIONS部分所指出的：

   dpkg-query actions
          See dpkg-query(1)  for  more  information  about  the  following
          actions.

          -l, --list package-name-pattern...
              List packages matching given pattern.
          -s, --status package-name...
              Report status of specified package.
          -L, --listfiles package-name...
              List files installed to your system from package-name.
          -S, --search filename-search-pattern...
              Search for a filename from installed packages.
          -p, --print-avail package-name...
              Display details about package-name, as found in
              /var/lib/dpkg/available. Users of APT-based frontends
              should use apt-cache show package-name instead.

如果您按指示引用dpkg-query手册页，您应该找到以下描述：

   -S, --search filename-search-pattern...
          Search  for  packages  that own files corresponding to the given
          pattern.  Standard shell wildcard characters can be used in  the
          pattern,  where  asterisk (*) and question mark (?) will match a
          slash, and blackslash (\) will be used as an escape character.

          If the first character in the filename-search-pattern is none of
          ‘*[?/’  then it will be considered a substring match and will be
          implicitly surrounded by ‘*’ (as in  *filename-search-pattern*).
          If  the  subsequent  string contains any of ‘*[?\’, then it will
          handled like a glob pattern, otherwise any trailing ‘/’ or  ‘/.’
          will be removed and a literal path lookup will be performed.

          This  command  will  not  list extra files created by maintainer
          scripts, nor will it list alternatives.