initramfs的错误.工具

Question

在更新或运行任何apt命令一周左右时，我一直有一个错误。升级到LTS 18.04并没有解决这个问题，也没有删除所有的老内核。空间也不是问题。

试图重新安装initramfs不起作用。我得到的错误是：

Setting up initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.3) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.3) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-52-generic
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-52-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
 installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:

编辑：稍后添加(2022年4月)到问题中。

这不是为我的系统，但通过我的搜索，这或多或少是1。命中。

initramfs-tools:
  Installiert:           0.136ubuntu6.7
  Installationskandidat: 0.136ubuntu6.7
  Versionstabelle:
 *** 0.136ubuntu6.7 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.136ubuntu6 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages

我们用wget绘制软件包initramfs-tools，并尝试用dpkg安装它，同时也安装plymouth软件包。

$ sudo dpkg -i initramfs-tools_0.136ubuntu6.7_all.deb
(Lese Datenbank ... 548002 Dateien und Verzeichnisse sind derzeit installiert.)
Vorbereitung zum Entpacken von initramfs-tools_0.136ubuntu6.7_all.deb ...
Entpacken von initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.7) über (0.136ubuntu6.7) ...
initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.7) wird eingerichtet ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Trigger für man-db (2.9.1-1) werden verarbeitet ...
Trigger für initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6.7) werden verarbeitet ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-109-generic
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-109-generic with 1.
dpkg: Fehler beim Bearbeiten des Paketes initramfs-tools (--install):
 »installiertes initramfs-tools-Skript des Paketes post-installation«-Unterprozess gab den Fehlerwert 1 zurück
Fehler traten auf beim Bearbeiten von:
 initramfs-tools

然后我们试着获取更多的信息

$ dash -x /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth
+ set -e
+ OPTION=FRAMEBUFFER
+ PREREQ=
+ . /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hook-functions
+ update-alternatives --query default.plymouth
+ sed -e /^Value:/!d -e s/^Value: \(.*\)/\1/
+ THEME_PATH=/usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth
+ basename /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth .plymouth
+ THEME=mint-logo
+ THEMES=/usr/share/plymouth/themes
+ [ -n /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth ]
+ grep ImageDir *= * /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth
+ sed s/ImageDir *= *//
+ IMAGE_PATH=/usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo
+ [ -n /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo ]
+ [ /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth != /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo ]
+ basename /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo
+ IMAGE_NAME=mint-logo
+ mkdir -p //usr/share/plymouth/themes
+ [ -n mint-logo ]
+ [ mint-logo != none ]
+ THEME_NAME=mint-logo
+ THEME=/usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth
+ ln -s /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth //usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth
ln: Die symbolische Verknüpfung '//usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth' konnte nicht angelegt werden: Die Datei existiert bereits

然后我检查了一下是薄荷糖。但现在已经太晚了，赏金已经确定了。:(

我查了一些链接

$ ls -al /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 55 Apr 27 14:40 /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth -> /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth

和

$ update-alternatives --query text.plymouth

Name: text.plymouth
Link: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/text.plymouth
Status: auto
Best: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-text/mint-text.plymouth
Value: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-text/mint-text.plymouth

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-text/mint-text.plymouth
Priority: 200

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/text/text.plymouth
Priority: 40

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-text/ubuntu-text.plymouth
Priority: 50

和

$ update-alternatives --query default.plymouth

Name: default.plymouth
Link: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth
Status: auto
Best: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth
Value: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/bgrt/bgrt.plymouth
Priority: 110

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo-legacy/mint-logo-legacy.plymouth
Priority: 100

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-logo/mint-logo.plymouth
Priority: 200

Alternative: /usr/share/plymouth/themes/spinner/spinner.plymouth
Priority: 70

我检查了/usr/share/plymouth/themes中的链接并更正了主题：

$ ls -al /usr/share/plymouth/themes
insgesamt 104
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root  4096 Apr 27 16:33 .
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 ..
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 bgrt
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    40 Aug 28  2019 debian-theme -> ../../desktop-base/active-theme/plymouth #this one I let unlink too
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    34 Apr 27 16:33 default.plymouth -> /etc/alternatives/default.plymouth
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 details
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 fade-in
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 futureprototype
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 12288 Apr 27 13:38 glow
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 joy
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 lines
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 14 15:46 mint-logo
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 14 15:46 mint-logo-legacy
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 14 15:46 mint-text
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 moonlight
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 script
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 softwaves
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 solar
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Mai 12  2021 spacefun
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 spinfinity
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 12288 Apr 27 13:38 spinner
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 text
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    31 Apr 27 16:33 text.plymouth -> /etc/alternatives/text.plymouth
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 tribar
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 27 13:38 ubuntu-text

另外，我重命名了/usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/plymouth并解压了普利茅斯包以替换它：

$ sudo update-initramfs -v -u -k $(uname -r) 

输出太长，在调试模式中发布。我没有看到错误，但也许我错了。

sudo inxi -SMG
System:    Host: xxx Kernel: 5.4.0-109-generic x86_64 bits: 64 Console: tty 1 Distro: Linux Mint 20.2 Uma 
Machine:   Type: Desktop System: Gigabyte product: Z97X-UD3H v: N/A serial: N/A 
           Mobo: Gigabyte model: Z97X-UD3H-CF v: x.x serial: N/A UEFI: American Megatrends v: F7 date: 06/17/2014 
Graphics:  Device-1: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics driver: i915 v: kernel 
           Device-2: NVIDIA GP104 [GeForce GTX 1070] driver: nvidia v: 470.103.01 
           Display: server: X.org 1.20.13 driver: modesetting,nvidia unloaded: fbdev,nouveau,vesa tty: 212x58 
           Message: Advanced graphics data unavailable in console for root.

注意: nvidia模块是正确的构建并安装在运行的内核中。在日记里，我发现

kernel: [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20190822 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0
Mai 03 08:40:08 xxx kernel: [drm] Cannot find any crtc or sizes

    apt-cache policy initramfs-tools
    initramfs-tools:
      Installiert:           0.136ubuntu6.7
      Installationskandidat: 0.136ubuntu6.7
      Versionstabelle:
     *** 0.136ubuntu6.7 500
            500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
            500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main i386 Packages
            100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
         0.136ubuntu6 500
            500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
            500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages

Answer 1

原来的问题很老。最近有一个额外的(赏金)的查询，系统可能不匹配。细微的细微差别可能会产生影响，所以了解它们是很重要的。此外，还有较早的帖子的措辞完全相同，这是值得注意的。

由于有关兴趣系统的信息有限，以上职位提供的一个可能的解决方案是

$ sudo apt autoremove
$ sudo apt clean
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade

其他解决方案，您可以检查，给出备选(子)组

$ sudo apt remove initramfs-tools
$ sudo apt clean
$ sudo apt install initramfs-tools
$ sudo apt autoremove
$ sudo apt autoclean
$ sudo apt clean
$ sudo apt update 
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt -f install
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a

关于进一步的解决方案，请在OP中发布。

1. $ uname -a $ lsb_release -a $ sudo inxi -SM $ dpkg -l \ grep initramfs-tools
2. 你的硬盘加密了吗？
3. 您在/boot中有足够的空间用于update-initramfs吗？(参考，参考)

相关：

1. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35336174/ubuntu-12-04-update-to-the-3-8-kernel-fails