解决图形驱动程序问题以运行OBS Studio (Intel i5 M520)

Question

最近，我在我的笔记本电脑(联想Thinkpad T410)上安装了Ubuntu20.04LTS下的T410。虽然在安装过程中没有遇到任何问题，但我无法运行OBS Studio本身，因为我一直遇到以下错误：

Failed to initialize video.  Your GPU may not be supported, or your graphics drivers may need to be updated.

为了向您提供所有必要的详细信息，下面是obs命令的完整控制台输出：

Attempted path: share/obs/obs-studio/locale/en-US.ini
Attempted path: /usr/share/obs/obs-studio/locale/en-US.ini
Attempted path: share/obs/obs-studio/locale.ini
Attempted path: /usr/share/obs/obs-studio/locale.ini
Attempted path: share/obs/obs-studio/locale/fr-FR.ini
Attempted path: /usr/share/obs/obs-studio/locale/fr-FR.ini
info: Using preferred locale 'fr-FR'
Attempted path: share/obs/obs-studio/themes/Dark.qss
Attempted path: /usr/share/obs/obs-studio/themes/Dark.qss
info: CPU Name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU       M 520  @ 2.40GHz
info: CPU Speed: 1548.597MHz
info: Physical Cores: 2, Logical Cores: 4
info: Physical Memory: 3733MB Total, 228MB Free
info: Kernel Version: Linux 5.4.0-52-generic
info: Distribution: "Ubuntu" "20.04"
info: Window System: X11.0, Vendor: The X.Org Foundation, Version: 1.20.8
info: Portable mode: false
Attempted path: share/obs/obs-studio/themes/Dark/no_sources.svg
Attempted path: /usr/share/obs/obs-studio/themes/Dark/no_sources.svg
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName: No matching signal for on_advAudioProps_clicked()
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName: No matching signal for on_advAudioProps_destroyed()
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName: No matching signal for on_actionGridMode_triggered()
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName: No matching signal for on_program_customContextMenuRequested(QPoint)
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName: No matching signal for on_transitionRemove_clicked()
info: OBS 26.0.2 (linux)
info: ---------------------------------
info: ---------------------------------
info: audio settings reset:
    samples per sec: 48000
    speakers:        2
info: ---------------------------------
info: Initializing OpenGL...
error: X Error: GLXBadFBConfig, Major opcode: 152, Minor opcode: 34, Serial: 29
error: Failed to create OpenGL context.
error: Failed to create context!
error: device_create (GL) failed
error: Failed to initialize video.  Your GPU may not be supported, or your graphics drivers may need to be updated.
info: Freeing OBS context data
info: == Profiler Results =============================
info: run_program_init: 2009,26 ms
info:  ┣OBSApp::AppInit: 9,107 ms
info:  ┃ ┗OBSApp::InitLocale: 4,805 ms
info:  ┗OBSApp::OBSInit: 241,855 ms
info:    ┣obs_startup: 20,295 ms
info:    ┗OBSBasic::OBSInit: 54,346 ms
info:      ┣OBSBasic::InitBasicConfig: 0,672 ms
info:      ┣OBSBasic::ResetAudio: 0,257 ms
info:      ┗OBSBasic::ResetVideo: 52,276 ms
info: obs_hotkey_thread(25 ms): min=0,129 ms, median=0,325 ms, max=15,866 ms, 99th percentile=15,866 ms, 100% below 25 ms
info: audio_thread(Audio): min=0,021 ms, median=0,042 ms, max=0,086 ms, 99th percentile=0,086 ms
info: =================================================
info: == Profiler Time Between Calls ==================
info: obs_hotkey_thread(25 ms): min=25,215 ms, median=25,444 ms, max=40,983 ms, 64,4068% within ±2% of 25 ms (0% lower, 35,5932% higher)
info: =================================================
info: Number of memory leaks: 178

在搜索了这个问题之后，我的问题似乎是我有一个太旧的OpenGL版本(2.1)。虽然我的GPU (集成的，我的CPU是英特尔i5 M520)并不是最先进的，但对于OBS Studio来说，它似乎还不算太老，因为我也在我的Windows 10上安装了相同的程序(因为我的笔记本电脑是双引导的)，运行它来从我的网络摄像头或打开的窗口捕捉它是没有问题的。

然而，我很难找到如何在Ubuntu20.04下升级我的OpenGL版本。我最好的尝试是通过kisak-mesa PPA获得一个最新版本的Mesa 3D库，但是尽管它升级了我的Mesa版本，但它并没有改变OpenGL版本。下面是我运行glxinfo | grep "OpenGL version"命令时得到的结果：

OpenGL version string: 2.1 Mesa 20.2.1 - kisak-mesa PPA

另外，我还查看了Softwares &Update中的“附加驱动程序”选项卡，但是在我的例子中，这个选项卡完全是空的，并且没有建议任何驱动程序可以改善我的当前情况。

我能对这个补丁做些什么呢？另一个最近的问题建议通过snap安装OBS Studio，但是尽管尝试过，我还是遇到了和以前一样的问题。

非常感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

这在debian 10上对我有效。

LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 obs

来源：https://obsproject.com/forum/threads/failed-to-initialize-video-your-gpu-may-not-be-supported-or-your-graphics-drivers-may-need-to-be-updated.86284/