Ubuntu20.04 MySQL Datadir权限(Errno 13)

Question

askubuntu.com，我需要一些帮助来调试我的MySQL设置！在过去的几年里，我一直在Dropbox上托管我的本地开发资源，它一直运作得很好。在过去的一周里，我决定擦除我的电脑，这次用Ubuntu代替Linux (不相干，但太棒了！)因此，关于重要的细节：

设置

/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf中的datadir条目被定义为datadir = "/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql"。

/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases 777的权限(看起来很悲伤，但我现在正试图消除这种可能性)，所有者用户/组是mysql:mysql，递归的。

我在/etc/apparmor.d/tunables/alias中将Apparmor别名定义为alias /var/lib/mysql/ -> "/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/",。我还将条目添加到/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld中，如

# Allow data dir access
  /var/lib/mysql/ r,
  "/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/" r,
  /var/lib/mysql/** rwk,
  "/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/**" rwk,

此外，在我的测试中，我将MySQL从使用(MySQL的如何禁用装甲)的指令列表中删除，因此Apparmor根本不应该影响流程。我来自sudo aa-status的输出是

apparmor module is loaded.
39 profiles are loaded.
39 profiles are in enforce mode.
   /snap/core/9289/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine
   /snap/core/9289/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine//mount-namespace-capture-helper
   /snap/snapd/7777/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine
   /snap/snapd/7777/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine//mount-namespace-capture-helper
   /usr/bin/evince
   /usr/bin/evince-previewer
   /usr/bin/evince-previewer//sanitized_helper
   /usr/bin/evince-thumbnailer
   /usr/bin/evince//sanitized_helper
   /usr/bin/man
   /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action
   /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper
   /usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script
   /usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf
   /usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine
   /usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine//mount-namespace-capture-helper
   /usr/sbin/cups-browsed
   /usr/sbin/cupsd
   /usr/sbin/cupsd//third_party
   /usr/sbin/tcpdump
   /{,usr/}sbin/dhclient
   ippusbxd
   lsb_release
   man_filter
   man_groff
   nvidia_modprobe
   nvidia_modprobe//kmod
   snap-update-ns.core
   snap-update-ns.gimp
   snap-update-ns.snap-store
   snap-update-ns.spotify
   snap.core.hook.configure
   snap.gimp.gimp
   snap.gimp.hook.install
   snap.gimp.hook.post-refresh
   snap.snap-store.snap-store
   snap.snap-store.ubuntu-software
   snap.snap-store.ubuntu-software-local-file
   snap.spotify.spotify
0 profiles are in complain mode.
3 processes have profiles defined.
3 processes are in enforce mode.
   /usr/sbin/cups-browsed (1066) 
   /usr/sbin/cupsd (980) 
   /snap/snap-store/454/usr/bin/snap-store (2422) snap.snap-store.ubuntu-software
0 processes are in complain mode.
0 processes are unconfined but have a profile defined.

输出

命令sudo service mysql start生成输出

Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

命令journalctrl -xe的mysqld输出是

Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.016428Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.016478Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) starting as process 6655
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.018301Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.018309Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/ is case insensitive
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.018491Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013276] [Server] Failed to set datadir to '/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/' (OS errno: 13 - Permission denied)
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.018547Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount mysqld[6655]: 2020-06-12T23:28:26.018619Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.20-0ubuntu0.20.04.1)  (Ubuntu).
Jun 12 19:28:26 tehccount systemd[1]: mysql.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE

命令sudo systemctl status mysql.service的输出是

mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2020-06-12 19:28:27 EDT; 5min ago
    Process: 6671 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 6679 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Main PID: 6679 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
     Status: "Server startup in progress"
      Error: 13 (Permission denied)

Jun 12 19:28:27 tehccount systemd[1]: mysql.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
Jun 12 19:28:27 tehccount systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL Community Server.
Jun 12 19:28:27 tehccount systemd[1]: mysql.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
Jun 12 19:28:27 tehccount systemd[1]: mysql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Jun 12 19:28:27 tehccount systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Community Server.

命令sudo -u mysql /usr/sbin/mysqld的输出是

2020-06-12T23:36:08.460482Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
2020-06-12T23:36:08.460535Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) starting as process 6866
2020-06-12T23:36:08.462316Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
2020-06-12T23:36:08.462334Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/ is case insensitive
2020-06-12T23:36:08.462514Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013276] [Server] Failed to set datadir to '/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk Digital/Kyle/Development Databases/mysql/' (OS errno: 13 - Permission denied)
2020-06-12T23:36:08.462555Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2020-06-12T23:36:08.462622Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.20-0ubuntu0.20.04.1)  (Ubuntu).

其他测试

使用cd /home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk\ Digital/Kyle/Development\ Databases/mysql/导航到预期的mysql，然后使用命令sudo -u mysql touch testfile.txt成功地创建文件/home/tehccount/Dropbox/DesignInk /Kyle/Development数据库/mysql/testfile.txt

摘要

尽管我尽了最大的努力，每天工作8个小时，但我一直无法理解为什么/usr/sbin/mysqld进程不能开始。应该从Apparmor中删除MySQL，并将datadir的权限设置为一个神奇的自由主义777权限。在使用带有Apparmor和适当权限的Linux之前，我已经成功地做到了这一点。欢迎任何建议，谢谢。

Answer 1

我犯了同样的错误，我做了和你做的完全一样的事情，得到了同样的结果。

我正在移动/var/lib/mysql => /media/{user}/data/mysql

我的解决办法：

$ sudo chmod 777 /media/{user}/

我的猜测是，我可以将数据目录从/media/{user}/中挂载，并且应该也能正常工作。

提示:如果AppArmor阻止了您，它将在journalctl -xe的输出中告诉您。

Answer 2

我在使用Prisma进行迁移时发现了这个问题。之后，我跑了：

sudo /opt/lampp/bin/mysql_upgrade 

..。我的问题解决了。

我从这个堆栈溢出问题那里得到了这个解决方案。