无法创建临时文件来处理/var/lib/apt/list/.bionic_InRelease

Question

我不记得最近安装了什么，但是当我今天从待机状态中取出我的笔记本时，我收到了以下通知：

单词：An error occurred, please run Package Manager from the right-click menu or apt-get in a terminal to see what is wrong. The error message was: Error: Opening the cache (E:Couldn't create temporary file to work with /var/lib/apt/lists/de.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu__dists__bionic__InRelease - mkstemp (2: No such file or directory), E:The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.)'. This usually means that your installed packages have unmet dependencies (附带问题:是否有一个日志文件可以从某个地方复制文本？)

我不知道右击菜单是什么。当我单击preferences时，Software & Updates会打开，但我不知道在那里做什么。

运行apt-get check双工

Reading package lists... Error! E: Couldn't create temporary file to work with /var/lib/apt/lists/de.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_bionic_InRelease - mkstemp (2: No such file or directory) E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.

自那以后，我尝试了: per https://sillycodes.com/quick-tip-couldnt-create-temporary-file/：

sudo apt-get clean sudo mv /var/lib/apt/lists /tmp sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial sudo apt-get clean sudo apt-get update与sudo mv /tmp /var/lib/apt/lists恢复

有几个存储库的错误消息，例如：W: GPG error: http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease: Couldn't create temporary file /tmp/apt.conf.tiVq7R for passing config to apt-key E: The repository 'http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease' is not signed. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.

Answer 1

同样的错误发生在我的Ubuntu18.04中。然后我重新启动两次，直到它没有启动更多。相反，启动initramfs。

然后，我运行以下三个命令：

(initramfs) exit
...
(initramfs) fsck /dev/mapper/ubuntu–vg-root -y
...
(initramfs) reboot
...

PS.：我想在上次升级内核之后发生了任何磁盘错误。这种情况在最近两三次已经发生过。