Preseed自动安装在20.04上不起作用

Question

试图使用预置文件自动安装桌面。

这是给一个清洁工的

root@ubuntu:/var/log# cat casper.log 
Begin: Running /scripts/casper-premount ... done.
done.
mount: mounting /cow on /root/cow failed: No such file or directory
done.
Begin: Creating debconf-communicate fifo mechanism ... done.
Begin: Running /scripts/casper-bottom ... Connecting to plymouth: Connection refused
Begin: Moving mount points... ... done.
Begin: Configuring fstab... ... done.
Begin: Setting up swap... ... done.
Begin: Setting up locales... ... Generating locales (this might take a while)...
Generation complete.
done.
Begin: Setting up automatic login... ... done.
Begin: Disabling systemd's GPT auto generator... ... done.
Begin: Setting hostname... ... done.
Begin: Setting up console keyboard... ... done.
Begin: Applying desktop settings... ... done.
Begin: Regenerating SSL certificate... ... done.
Begin: Loading preseed file... ... done.
Begin: Adding live session user... ... passwd: password expiry information changed.
dbus-daemon[2458]: [session uid=999 pid=2458] Activating service name='org.gtk.vfs.Daemon' requested by ':1.0' (uid=999 pid=2459 comm="" label="unconfined")
dbus-daemon[2458]: [session uid=999 pid=2458] Successfully activated service 'org.gtk.vfs.Daemon'
dbus-daemon[2458]: [session uid=999 pid=2458] Activating service name='org.gtk.vfs.Metadata' requested by ':1.0' (uid=999 pid=2459 comm="" label="unconfined")
fuse: device not found, try 'modprobe fuse' first
dbus-daemon[2458]: [session uid=999 pid=2458] Successfully activated service 'org.gtk.vfs.Metadata'
A connection to the bus can't be made
done.
Begin: Setting up init... ... done.
Begin: Configuring accessibility options... ... done.
Begin: Disabling update-notifier... ... done.
Begin: Configuring power management... ... done.
Begin: Enabling detection of crashes... ... done.
Begin: Disabling unnecessary KDE services... ... done.
Begin: Fixing language selector... ... done.
Begin: Disabling trackerd... ... done.
Begin: Adding APT-CDROM source... ... Using CD-ROM mount point /cdrom/
Identifying... [b0f8b03c0b3a665e1f04d8fe925b7e90-2]
Scanning disc for index files...
Found 2 package indexes, 0 source indexes, 0 translation indexes and 1 signatures
Found label 'Ubuntu 20.04.0 2020.05.12 LTS amd64 _Custom Focal Fossa_ (20200512)'
This disc is called: 
'Ubuntu 20.04.0 2020.05.12 LTS amd64 _Custom Focal Fossa_ (20200512)'
Copying package lists...gpgv: Signature made Thu Apr 23 07:51:19 2020 UTC
gpgv:                using RSA key D94AA3F0EFE21092
gpgv: Good signature from "Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key (2012) "
Reading Package Indexes... Done
Writing new source list
Source list entries for this disc are:
deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04.0 2020.05.12 LTS amd64 _Custom Focal Fossa_ (20200512)]/ focal main restricted
Repeat this process for the rest of the CDs in your set.
done.
Begin: Possibly disabling update-initramfs (useless on a live CD)... ... done.
Begin: Grant administrative PolicyKit privileges to default user... ... done.
Begin: Configuring jackd2... ... done.
Begin: Disabling unity8's first run wizard... ... done.
Begin: Disabling gnome-initial-setup... ... done.
Begin: Disabling security unattended-upgrades... ... done.
Begin: Disabling snap refresh... ... done.
Begin: Overriding 71-nvidia.rules... ... done.
Begin: Configuring pollinate... ... done.

在没有自动安装的情况下引导生活。我尝试过修改grub & isolinux，目前是: grub.cfg：

menuentry "IMT" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux   /casper/vmlinuz boot=casper file=/cdrom/preseed/imt.seed auto=true priority=critical locale=fr_FR quiet ---
    initrd  /casper/initrd
}

isolinux/txt.cfg：

default imt
label imt
  menu label ^IMY
  kernel /casper/vmlinuz
  append  boot=casper file=/cdrom/preseed/imt.seed vga=788 initrd=/casper/initrd auto=true priority=critical locale=fr_FR quiet ---

和.seed文件

### Automatic Installation
d-i auto-install/enable boolean true
d-i debconf/priority select critical

### Localization
d-i debian-installer/locale string fr_FR
d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect en_US.UTF-8, fr_FR.UTF-8
# Keyboard
d-i console-setup/ask_detect boolean false
d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select fr

### Network
d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
d-i netcfg/link_wait_timeout string 10
d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 30
d-i netcfg/get_hostname string imt-test
d-i netcfg/get_domain string imt
#d-i netcfg/hostname string $hostname
#d-i netcfg/domain string $domaine
d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true

### Apt
d-i mirror/http/mirror select fr.archive.ubuntu.com

### Account
d-i passwd/root-login boolean true
d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password $6$Tlc9BpTSuN0WUJC7$UcrBQBEKfP99ExtCU4WA5pXryCnU0veQpduz9XVgaYiVtjs1C9K.nrbgxFBG3zGa2Ihie41GbswPehLsoDw4v/
# User
d-i passwd/user-fullname string imt
d-i passwd/user-password-crypted $6$ZRTZsEZm6Z9Y3Jfq$sGXB4Ao3EPLwLR8jJ3U4CQZNmygYyVmPP45m/id3.W45EbNfFISsRwoTTGtPIBySoCjFGiX7jtfdvW/Lz4yT1/
d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true

### Time
d-i clock-setup/utc-auto boolean true
d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
d-i clock-setup/ntp-server string ntp.laas.fr

### Disk
d-i partman-auto/method string crytpo
d-i partman-crypto/passphrase toto
d-i partman-crypto/passphrase-again toto
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

# Base system installation (voir B.4.9)
# Apt
## Repo
d-i apt-setup/restricted boolean true
d-i apt-setup/universe boolean true
d-i apt-setup/multiverse boolean true
d-i apt-setup/backports boolean true
d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security
d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.ubuntu.com
d-i apt-setup/security_path string /ubuntu

tasksel tasksel/first multiselect ubuntu-desktop
d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential vim
## Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap.
#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select safe-upgrade
d-i pkgsel/language-packs multiselect fr, en
d-i pkgsel/update-policy select unattended-upgrades

d-i pkgsel/updatedb boolean true

d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
d-i grub-installer/bootdev  string default

d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note

在ubuntu20.04更新上使用立方体生成iso

需要帮助=)

Answer 1

这似乎是Ubuntu服务器操作系统的预置文件，并通过它安装了一组桌面os软件包。这是值得注意的，因为有以下几节：

### Apt
d-i mirror/http/mirror select fr.archive.ubuntu.com
# Base system installation (voir B.4.9)
# Apt
## Repo

预置是一种为用户回答安装问题提示的方法，允许用户自动配置安装。

Ubuntu服务器和Ubuntu桌面使用不同的系统安装方法，从而产生不同类型的预置。

尽管Ubuntu桌面确实支持预置，但是当涉及到您可以预置的内容时，它要薄得多，并且支持比Ubuntu服务器安装更少的选项。因此，您在这里输入的许多参数和命令都是不相关的，而且安装程序没有读取。这就是为什么人们试图欺骗服务器安装程序来安装一组桌面软件包。In过去使用这个方法来工作，但据我理解，20.04版本不支持它。

我还没有尝试预置Ubuntu20.04安装来测试新特性，但我非常肯定这不是正确的格式。

此外，这个线程及其引用还可能为您提供更多信息：如何预置ubuntu 20.04桌面？。