从19.04升级到Ubuntu 19.10 -系统不再启动(启动-修复也不起作用)

Question

正如标题所说，我今天做了do-release-upgrade，现在有问题了。我已经用win10磁盘启动了这台计算机，现在Kubuntu19.10安装是不可引导的。磁盘上有FDE，即使我已经挂载并解密了Ubuntu磁盘，boot-repair仍然无法修复它，引发错误Please use this software in a live-session (live-CD or live-USB). This will enable this feature.

这是fdisk -l的输出：

Disk /dev/loop0: 1.68 GiB, 1791954944 bytes, 3499912 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 931.53 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk model: ST1000DM003-1CH1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 90AA474C-403B-48D8-A51F-EA67103A29E9

Device       Start        End    Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sda1     2048    1023999    1021952   499M Windows recovery environment
/dev/sda2  1024000    1228799     204800   100M EFI System
/dev/sda3  1228800    1261567      32768    16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda4  1261568 1953523711 1952262144 930.9G Microsoft basic data


Disk /dev/sdb: 1.84 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM006-2DM1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xab30ec36

Device     Boot   Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *       2048    1499135    1497088  731M 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2       1501182 3907028991 3905527810  1.8T  5 Extended
/dev/sdb5       1501184 3907028991 3905527808  1.8T 83 Linux

Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.


Disk /dev/sdc: 28.96 GiB, 31071404032 bytes, 60686336 sectors
Disk model: USB 3.0 FD      
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x48e7426f

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1  *     2048 60686335 60684288  29G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)


Disk /dev/mapper/luks-d5504240-d15c-4453-8767-9beb20b9d785: 1.84 TiB, 1999628140544 bytes, 3905523712 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/kubuntu--vg-root: 1.84 TiB, 1998602633216 bytes, 3903520768 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/kubuntu--vg-swap_1: 976 MiB, 1023410176 bytes, 1998848 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

在解密之前，我尝试运行boot-repair一次，这进一步破坏了它。在第一次尝试之前，我得到了通常的救援人员，但是现在根本没有检测到操作系统(尽管我所有的文件都在那里，我可以通过现场usb确认)。我不知道现在该怎么办。如果可能的话，我真的宁愿不重新安装。

编辑:下面是来自boot-repair：https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/KSyx5WQtTv/的引导报告

如果我能够在我的活动会话中打开这个磁盘，那么应该可以修复这个问题，因为我能够在sdb中看到/boot目录。

Answer 1

启动修复是打算从LiveCD运行的，正如它所说的。制作一个LiveCD或LiveCD并使用它。或者手动修复引导，如这个相关的问题中详细介绍的那样。例如，通过格鲁救援启动。(输入ls以获取分区列表。然后在每个ls上找到一个带有ext2的)。

set root=(hd0,msdos6)
set prefix=(hd0,msdos6)/boot/grub
insmod normal
normal

然后按照上面链接中的更详细说明来发现和输入您特定设置的详细信息，可能只是

update-grub /dev/hdb
grub-install

(我将/dev/hdb放在/dev/hda，而不是通常的/dev/hda，假设您的fdisk -l输出显示了放置/boot的正确位置。或者你想把你的Grub引导加载程序放在哪里)

Answer 2

我能够通过下面给出的解决方案解决这个问题：https://askubuntu.com/a/844231/591650