安装Luks隔板

Question

ORIGINAL帖子：

我已经使用以下命令备份了一个驱动器及其所有分区

dd if=/dev/sda of=/media/oshirowanen/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img 

/dev/sda是一个具有完全加密的Ubuntu18.04安装的ssd。

在我擦除这个驱动器并重新使用它之前，我想确认备份是否有效。

通过搜索askubuntu和其他stackexchange站点，我尝试了以下方法：

sudo losetup -P /dev/loop0 /media/oshirowanen/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img 
[sudo] password for oshirowanen: [password goes here]
losetup: /media/oshirowanen/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img: failed to set up loop device: Device or resource busy

sudo losetup -P /dev/loop100 /media/oshirowanen/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img 
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/loop100p5 img5
Enter passphrase for /dev/loop100p5: [password goes here]

cd /mnt
mkdir img5
sudo mount /dev/mapper/img5 img5
mount: /mnt/img5: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'.

我做错了什么？cryptsetup和lvm2已经安装好了。

如果这不是备份驱动器的最佳方式，请提出其他更好的建议。

UPDATE 1:

oshirowanen@desktop:~$ sudo pvscan
[sudo] password for oshirowanen: 
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: Disabling lvmetad cache which does not support duplicate PVs.
  WARNING: Not using lvmetad because duplicate PVs were found.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 prefers device /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt because device is used by LV.
  PV /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt   VG ubuntu-vg       lvm2 [232.16 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 1 [232.16 GiB] / in use: 1 [232.16 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
oshirowanen@desktop:~$ sudo vgscan
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: Disabling lvmetad cache which does not support duplicate PVs.
  WARNING: Not using lvmetad because duplicate PVs were found.
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 prefers device /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt because device is used by LV.
  Found volume group "ubuntu-vg" using metadata type lvm2
oshirowanen@desktop:~$ sudo vgs
  WARNING: Not using lvmetad because duplicate PVs were found.
  WARNING: Use multipath or vgimportclone to resolve duplicate PVs?
  WARNING: After duplicates are resolved, run "pvscan --cache" to enable lvmetad.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 prefers device /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt because device is used by LV.
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  ubuntu-vg   1   2   0 wz--n- 232.16g    0 
oshirowanen@desktop:~$ sudo lvs
  WARNING: Not using lvmetad because duplicate PVs were found.
  WARNING: Use multipath or vgimportclone to resolve duplicate PVs?
  WARNING: After duplicates are resolved, run "pvscan --cache" to enable lvmetad.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 on /dev/mapper/img5 was already found on /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt.
  WARNING: PV udJ9tW-vls3-YQOz-cLkW-lTsh-DMCF-zrfLD0 prefers device /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt because device is used by LV.
  LV     VG        Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   ubuntu-vg -wi-ao---- <231.21g                                                    
  swap_1 ubuntu-vg -wi-ao----  980.00m                                                    
oshirowanen@desktop:~$ ls /dev/mapper/
control  img5  sda5_crypt  ubuntu--vg-root  ubuntu--vg-swap_1
oshirowanen@desktop:~$ 

UPDATE 2:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo losetup -P /dev/loop100 /media/ubuntu/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img 
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/loop100p5 img5
Enter passphrase for /dev/loop100p5: 
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cd /mnt
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo mkdir img5
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo mount /dev/mapper/img5 img5
mount: /mnt/img5: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'.
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/mapper/img5   VG ubuntu-vg       lvm2 [232.16 GiB / 0    free]
  Total: 1 [232.16 GiB] / in use: 1 [232.16 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo vgscan
  Reading volume groups from cache.
  Found volume group "ubuntu-vg" using metadata type lvm2
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo vgs
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  ubuntu-vg   1   2   0 wz--n- 232.16g    0 
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo lvs
  LV     VG        Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   ubuntu-vg -wi-a----- <231.21g                                                    
  swap_1 ubuntu-vg -wi-a-----  980.00m                                                    
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ ls /dev/mapper/
control  img5  ubuntu--vg-root  ubuntu--vg-swap_1
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ 

Answer 1

这里的内容是LUKS + LVM，您要做的是解锁LUKS加密的分区，然后尝试挂载LVM物理卷。这是错误的，您应该在卷组ubuntu-vg上挂载逻辑卷。

sudo mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root /mnt

夏天：

Backup file: /media/ubuntu/external-drive/backups-2019/ubuntu.img
Accessible as a loop device at: /dev/loop100
Unlocked on: /dev/mapper/img5
PV: /dev/mapper/img5
VG: ubuntu-vg
LV: ubuntu-vg/root
LV Location: /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg--root