拒绝USB设备非root用户的权限

Question

我很难让Arduino微型AVR程序员(PMG-11801)在我的Ubuntu18.04笔记本电脑上工作。这是一个在Arduino IDE中编程ATTiny85芯片的Arduino设备。

我从不同的地方读过几篇论坛文章，并尝试了一种看起来对其他许多人有效的解决方案，但它对我来说并不管用。这就是我所做的。

mmachenry$ lsusb
... other devices ...
Bus 001 Device 013: ID 1781:0c9f Multiple Vendors USBtiny
... other devices ...

我注意到供应商的1781:0c9f和下一步的产品ID。

从我发现的各种网页上看，我似乎需要在/etc/udev/rues.d中输入一个条目，以便允许非根用户使用该设备。我加了它，看起来是这样的：

mmachenry$ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-USBtiny.rules 
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="1781", ATTR{idProduct}=="0c9f", GROUP="adm", MODE="0666"

还请注意，我在适当的小组。

mmachenry$ groups
mmachenry adm dialout cdrom sudo dip plugdev docker lpadmin sambashare

为了使此生效，在创建规则文件后立即运行这些文件。

sudo service udev restart
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules

正如Norbert的评论所要求的那样，我对我的用户组进行了一次正常检查，但是似乎没有什么问题，因为没有输出。

mmachenry@mmachenry-laptop:~$ sudo update-passwd --sanity-check --verbose

但当我跑到阿夫老兄的时候，我被拒绝了许可。

mmachenry$ hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude -C/home/mmachenry/Downloads/arduino-1.8.5-linux64/arduino-1.8.5/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf -vv -pattiny85 -cusbtiny

avrdude: Version 6.3, compiled on Jan 17 2017 at 11:00:16
         Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
         Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch

         System wide configuration file is "/home/mmachenry/Downloads/arduino-1.8.5-linux64/arduino-1.8.5/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf"
         User configuration file is "/home/mmachenry/.avrduderc"
         User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping

         Using Port                    : usb
         Using Programmer              : usbtiny
avrdude: usbdev_open(): Found USBtinyISP, bus:device: 001:013
avrdude: Warning: cannot open USB device: Permission denied
avrdude: Error: Could not find USBtiny device (0x1781/0xc9f)

avrdude done.  Thank you.

但是，在使用sudo运行命令时，我得到了很多不同的正输出。

sudo hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude -C/home/mmachenry/Downloads/arduino-1.8.5-linux64/arduino-1.8.5/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf -vv -pattiny85 -cusbtiny

avrdude: Version 6.3, compiled on Jan 17 2017 at 11:00:16
         Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
         Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch

         System wide configuration file is "/home/mmachenry/Downloads/arduino-1.8.5-linux64/arduino-1.8.5/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf"
         User configuration file is "/home/mmachenry/.avrduderc"
         User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping

         Using Port                    : usb
         Using Programmer              : usbtiny
avrdude: usbdev_open(): Found USBtinyISP, bus:device: 001:013
         AVR Part                      : ATtiny85
         Chip Erase delay              : 400000 us
         PAGEL                         : P00
         BS2                           : P00
         RESET disposition             : possible i/o
         RETRY pulse                   : SCK
         serial program mode           : yes
         parallel program mode         : yes
         Timeout                       : 200
         StabDelay                     : 100
         CmdexeDelay                   : 25
         SyncLoops                     : 32
         ByteDelay                     : 0
         PollIndex                     : 3
         PollValue                     : 0x53
         Memory Detail                 :

                                  Block Poll               Page                       Polled
           Memory Type Mode Delay Size  Indx Paged  Size   Size #Pages MinW  MaxW   ReadBack
           ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
           eeprom        65    12     4    0 no        512    4      0  4000  4500 0xff 0xff
           flash         65     6    32    0 yes      8192   64    128 30000 30000 0xff 0xff
           signature      0     0     0    0 no          3    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00
           lock           0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  9000  9000 0x00 0x00
           lfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  9000  9000 0x00 0x00
           hfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  9000  9000 0x00 0x00
           efuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  9000  9000 0x00 0x00
           calibration    0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00

         Programmer Type : USBtiny
         Description     : USBtiny simple USB programmer, http://www.ladyada.net/make/usbtinyisp/
avrdude: programmer operation not supported

avrdude: Using SCK period of 10 usec
CMD: [ac 53 00 00] [ac 52 53 00]
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading |                                                    | 0% 0.00sCMD: [30 00 00 00] [00 30 00 1e]
CMD: [30 00 01 00] [00 30 00 93]
Reading | #################                                  | 33% 0.00sCMD: [30 00 02 00] [00 30 00 0b]
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e930b (probably t85)
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as DF
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FF

CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [50 00 00 00] [00 50 00 e2]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
CMD: [58 08 00 00] [00 58 08 df]
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as DF
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
CMD: [50 08 00 00] [00 50 08 ff]
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FF
avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK (E:FF, H:DF, L:E2)

avrdude done.  Thank you.

在Arduino IDE中运行这个程序具有相同的效果。作为一个普通用户，我被拒绝了许可。当我以根用户身份运行IDE时，它完全工作，并将我的程序上传到Arduino。请注意，这个设备被识别为USB设备，因为它是usbtinyISP，而不是像一些Arduinos那样的串行设备。

为什么普通用户访问此设备的权限仍然被拒绝？

谢谢。

Answer 1

1. 确保您的udev规则是正确的: SUBSYSTEM=="usb“、ATTRS{==}==”USBtiny“、ATTRS{idProduct}=="0c9f”、ATTRS{idVendor}=="1781“、MODE="0660”、GROUP="dialout“。
2. 确保刷新udev: sudo udevadm控件--重载规则& sudo udevadm触发器
3. Make一定要拔掉并回复USB设备！

最后一个是我花了一些时间才弄明白的！