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社区首页 >问答首页 >通过bash发送邮件过去是工作的，现在不再工作了。

问通过bash发送邮件过去是工作的，现在不再工作了。
EN

Ask Ubuntu用户
提问于 2018-06-04 04:03:24
回答 1查看 1.1K关注 0票数 0

4个月前，我制作了一个.sh脚本，每隔一段时间就给自己发送IP地址，以便能够远程连接到我的计算机。有几个月我没有使用它，因为我在家工作。我又要离开一段时间了，所以我将使用它连接到我的桌面计算机，只是在我运行脚本时，I毫无理由地不再接收邮件，尽管脚本似乎一直在运行。我升级了sendmail和mailutils，从我记忆中(以及我创建脚本时的bash命令历史记录)可以看出，我当时安装并使用的都是脚本。

它很简单，本质上是一个5行脚本，如下所示：

代码语言：javascript
复制
#!/bin/bash

echo "O.K."

while true
do
        ip="$(dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com)"
        echo "My WAN/Public IP address: ${ip}"
        echo $ip | mail -s "${ip}" myemail@gmail.com
        echo "sent"
        sleep 10800
done

当我运行它时，脚本打印“发送”，我故意把它放在终端中确认它已经发送了。

代码语言：javascript
复制
me@myMacine:~$ ./ipsender.sh
O.K.
My WAN/Public IP address: 111.111.11.111
sent

我甚至在我的gmail垃圾邮件文件夹中还有我的IP地址的邮件(我以前把它放在我的垃圾邮件文件夹中，这对我来说很好，现在我根本没有收到邮件)，旧邮件在发送地址中有我自己的电脑用户名和域名。我实在想不出我所做的任何事情都是不同的，没有什么；本质上是一样的，因此我无法想出任何理由来解释为什么它不起作用。我再也没有收到任何电子邮件了，<#>这就是我所知道的。我也尝试过一个hotmail.com地址。

我希望你们能帮我理解为什么我没有收到这封电子邮件，以及我能做些什么来修复它。

此外，我已经知道了使用我自己的gmail地址的方法，使用gmail帐户和密码等其他包。我宁愿继续使用相同的方法，保持简单，同样，如果我知道它可以工作，就没有理由改变它；简单就是我的脚本的全部内容。

谢谢。

这就是我通过运行tail -f /var/log/maillog得到的结果：

代码语言：javascript
复制
me@myComputer:~$ sudo tail -f /var/log/mail.log
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9213]: w542YSqo007914: to=, delay=05:30:42, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=3000000, dsn=4.0.0, stat=Operating system error
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9230]: w542Vs2b007865: Warning: program /usr/sbin/sensible-mda unsafe: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9230]: w542Vs2b007865: SYSERR(root): Cannot exec /usr/sbin/sensible-mda: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9213]: w542Vs2b007865: to=, delay=05:33:16, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=3090000, dsn=4.0.0, stat=Operating system error
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9231]: w542JjVF007748: Warning: program /usr/sbin/sensible-mda unsafe: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9231]: w542JjVF007748: SYSERR(root): Cannot exec /usr/sbin/sensible-mda: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9213]: w542JjVF007748: to=, delay=05:45:25, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=3180000, dsn=4.0.0, stat=Operating system error
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9232]: w542B0U6007560: Warning: program /usr/sbin/sensible-mda unsafe: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9232]: w542B0U6007560: SYSERR(root): Cannot exec /usr/sbin/sensible-mda: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:05:10 myComputer sm-mta[9213]: w542B0U6007560: to=, delay=05:54:10, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=3270000, dsn=4.0.0, stat=Operating system error

这就是我运行脚本(./ipsender.sh)后得到的结果：

代码语言：javascript
复制
Jun  4 03:11:09 myComputer sendmail[9292]: My unqualified host name (myComputer) unknown; sleeping for retry

这是一个非常长的停顿，脚本将等待。在完成邮件命令并从脚本中打印"sent“之后，我在mail.log上得到了如下信息：

代码语言：javascript
复制
Jun  4 03:12:09 myComputer sendmail[9292]: unable to qualify my own domain name (myComputer) -- using short name
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sendmail[9292]: w548C9EK009292: from=me@myComputer, size=134, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040812.w548C9EK009292@myComputer>, relay=me@localhost
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9303]: w548CAhp009303: from=, size=383, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040812.w548C9EK009292@myComputer>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1]
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sendmail[9292]: w548C9EK009292: to=, ctladdr=me@myComputer (1000/1000), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30134, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (w548CAhp009303 Message accepted for delivery)
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9305]: STARTTLS=client, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com., version=TLSv1.2, verify=FAIL, cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256, bits=128/128
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9305]: w548CAhp009303: to=, ctladdr= (1000/1000), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=120383, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. [74.125.198.26], dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9305]: w548CAhp009303: w548CAhp009305: DSN: Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9307]: w548CAhp009305: Warning: program /usr/sbin/sensible-mda unsafe: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9307]: w548CAhp009305: SYSERR(root): Cannot exec /usr/sbin/sensible-mda: No such file or directory
Jun  4 03:12:10 myComputer sm-mta[9305]: w548CAhp009305: to=, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30000, dsn=4.0.0, stat=Operating system error

安装sensible-mda后，tail -f /var/log/mail.log的输出如下(仍然不会收到任何电子邮件)：

代码语言：javascript
复制
casillas@DeepNoble:~$ sudo tail -f /var/log/mail.log
Jun  4 03:46:19 DeepNoble sm-mta[11230]: w548kJ5M011230: to=, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30000, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
Jun  4 03:47:14 DeepNoble sendmail[11253]: My unqualified host name (DeepNoble) unknown; sleeping for retry
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sendmail[11253]: unable to qualify my own domain name (DeepNoble) -- using short name
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sendmail[11253]: w548mESn011253: from=casillas@DeepNoble, size=134, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040848.w548mESn011253@DeepNoble>, relay=casillas@localhost
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sm-mta[11277]: w548mECQ011277: from=, size=383, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040848.w548mESn011253@DeepNoble>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1]
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sendmail[11253]: w548mESn011253: to=, ctladdr=casillas@DeepNoble (1000/1000), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30134, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (w548mECQ011277 Message accepted for delivery)
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sm-mta[11279]: STARTTLS=client, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com., version=TLSv1.2, verify=FAIL, cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256, bits=128/128
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sm-mta[11279]: w548mECQ011277: to=, ctladdr= (1000/1000), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=120383, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. [173.194.67.26], dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sm-mta[11279]: w548mECQ011277: w548mECQ011279: DSN: Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:48:14 DeepNoble sm-mta[11279]: w548mECQ011279: to=, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30000, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent

运行脚本，然后：

代码语言：javascript
复制
Jun  4 03:52:42 DeepNoble sendmail[11335]: My unqualified host name (DeepNoble) unknown; sleeping for retry

长时间停顿，脚本打印“发送”，然后：

代码语言：javascript
复制
Jun  4 03:53:42 DeepNoble sendmail[11335]: unable to qualify my own domain name (DeepNoble) -- using short name
Jun  4 03:53:42 DeepNoble sendmail[11335]: w548rgKs011335: from=casillas@DeepNoble, size=134, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040853.w548rgKs011335@DeepNoble>, relay=casillas@localhost
Jun  4 03:53:42 DeepNoble sm-mta[11342]: w548rgYu011342: from=, size=383, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201806040853.w548rgKs011335@DeepNoble>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1]
Jun  4 03:53:42 DeepNoble sendmail[11335]: w548rgKs011335: to=, ctladdr=casillas@DeepNoble (1000/1000), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30134, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (w548rgYu011342 Message accepted for delivery)
Jun  4 03:53:42 DeepNoble sm-mta[11344]: STARTTLS=client, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com., version=TLSv1.2, verify=FAIL, cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256, bits=128/128
Jun  4 03:53:43 DeepNoble sm-mta[11344]: w548rgYu011342: to=, ctladdr= (1000/1000), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=120383, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. [74.125.198.27], dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:53:43 DeepNoble sm-mta[11344]: w548rgYu011342: w548rhYu011344: DSN: Service unavailable
Jun  4 03:53:43 DeepNoble sm-mta[11344]: w548rhYu011344: to=, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30000, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent

这就是我从阅读本地邮件(echo p | mail)中得到的，我用“+++.+++.++.+++”模糊了我当前的IP地址：

代码语言：javascript
复制
me@myComputer:~$ echo p | mail
"/var/mail/me": 23 messages 23 new
>N   1 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2540  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   2 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  64/2674  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   3 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2540  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   4 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2541  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   5 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2541  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   6 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2540  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   7 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2541  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   8 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2542  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N   9 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2540  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  10 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2543  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  11 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2517  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  12 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2518  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  13 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2519  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  14 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2519  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  15 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2518  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  16 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2518  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  17 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  64/2651  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  18 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2519  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  19 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2516  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  20 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:45  68/2519  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  21 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:46  64/2674  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  22 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:48  68/2538  Returned mail: see transcript for details
 N  23 Mail Delivery Subs lun jun  4 03:53  68/2540  Returned mail: see transcript for details
Return-Path: 
Received: from localhost (localhost)
    by myComputer (8.15.2/8.15.2/Debian-3) id w548GKL8009375;
    Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:20 -0500
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:20 -0500
From: Mail Delivery Subsystem 
Message-Id: <201806040816.w548GKL8009375@myComputer>
To: 
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/report; report-type=delivery-status;
    boundary="w548GKL8009375.1528100180/myComputer"
Subject: Returned mail: see transcript for details
Auto-Submitted: auto-generated (failure)
Content-Length: 1983

This is a MIME-encapsulated message

--w548GKL8009375.1528100180/myComputer

The original message was received at Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:19 -0500
from localhost [127.0.0.1]

   ----- The following addresses had permanent fatal errors -----

    (reason: 550-5.7.1 [+++.+++.++.+++] The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized to)

   ----- Transcript of session follows -----
... while talking to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.:
>>> DATA
<<< 550-5.7.1 [+++.+++.++.+++] The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized to
<<< 550-5.7.1 send email directly to our servers. Please use the SMTP relay at your
<<< 550-5.7.1 service provider instead. Learn more at
<<< 550 5.7.1  https://support.google.com/mail/?p=NotAuthorizedError q52-v6si5112685otc.25 - gsmtp
554 5.0.0 Service unavailable

--w548GKL8009375.1528100180/myComputer
Content-Type: message/delivery-status

Reporting-MTA: dns; myComputer
Received-From-MTA: DNS; localhost
Arrival-Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:19 -0500

Final-Recipient: RFC822; email@gmail.com
Action: failed
Status: 5.7.1
Remote-MTA: DNS; gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
Diagnostic-Code: SMTP; 550-5.7.1 [+++.+++.++.+++] The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized to
Last-Attempt-Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:20 -0500

--w548GKL8009375.1528100180/myComputer
Content-Type: text/rfc822-headers

Return-Path: 
Received: from myComputer (localhost [127.0.0.1])
    by myComputer (8.15.2/8.15.2/Debian-3) with ESMTP id w548GJL8009373
    for ; Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:19 -0500
Received: (from me@localhost)
    by myComputer (8.15.2/8.15.2/Submit) id w548GJsR009365;
    Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:19 -0500
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2018 03:16:19 -0500
From: me 
Message-Id: <201806040816.w548GJsR009365@myComputer>
Subject: regarding the incredibly deadly viper
To: 
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.99.99)

--w548GKL8009375.1528100180/myComputer--


Saved 1 message in /home/me/mbox
Held 22 messages in /var/mail/me
bash
scripts
email
postfix
sendmail
EN

回答 1

Ask Ubuntu用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2018-06-04 09:13:19

代码语言：javascript
复制
<<< 550-5.7.1 [+++.+++.++.+++] The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized to
<<< 550-5.7.1 send email directly to our servers. Please use the SMTP relay at your
<<< 550-5.7.1 service provider instead. Learn more at
<<< 550 5.7.1  https://support.google.com/mail/?p=NotAuthorizedError q52-v6si5112685otc.25 - gsmtp

谷歌不再允许你的IP直接发送邮件到他们的服务器。必须使用SMTP中继。

票数 1
EN
页面原文内容由Ask Ubuntu提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1043365

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