处理ATA错误

Question

我的Xubuntu 16.04生成不停止ATA错误消息。这是dmesg的输出

[ 4547.943159] ata7: hard resetting link
[ 4548.657810] ata7: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 4548.657824] ata7: EH complete
[ 4548.757449] ata7: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x4000000 action 0xe frozen
[ 4548.757455] ata7: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
[ 4548.757459] ata7: SError: { DevExch }
[ 4548.757467] ata7: hard resetting link
[ 4549.469969] ata7: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 4549.469983] ata7: EH complete
[ 4550.363622] ata7: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x4000000 action 0xe frozen
[ 4550.363628] ata7: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
[ 4550.363632] ata7: SError: { DevExch }
[ 4550.363642] ata7: hard resetting link

此错误持续运行。

关于我的系统的

信息：

我有两个硬盘和一张DVD

# lsscsi
[0:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      MAXTOR STM325082 E     /dev/sda 
[0:0:1:0]    cd/dvd  TSSTcorp CDDVDW SH-S223B  SB02  /dev/sr0 
[1:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      SAMSUNG HD320KJ  0-10  /dev/sdb 

硬盘的ata端口如下

/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda
/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb

ata端口的完整列表是

 # ls -l /sys/class/ata_port
 ata1 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/ata_port/ata1
 ata2 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/ata_port/ata2
 ata3 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.5/ata3/ata_port/ata3
 ata4 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.5/ata4/ata_port/ata4
 ata5 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.6/0000:03:00.1/ata5/ata_port/ata5
 ata6 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.6/0000:03:00.1/ata6/ata_port/ata6
 ata7 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.6/0000:03:00.0/ata7/ata_port/ata7

以及这些设备

# ls -l /sys/dev/block
11:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:1/0:0:1:0/block/sr0
7:0 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop0
7:1 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop1
7:2 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop2
7:3 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop3
7:4 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop4
7:5 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop5
7:6 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop6
7:7 -> ../../devices/virtual/block/loop7
8:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda
8:1 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1
8:16 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb
8:17 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb1
8:18 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb2
8:19 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb3
8:20 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb4
8:21 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb5
8:22 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb6

最后，分区：

# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop1    7:1    0    55M  1 loop /snap/core18/1754
sdb      8:16   0 298.1G  0 disk 
├─sdb4   8:20   0     1K  0 part 
├─sdb2   8:18   0  46.6G  0 part /
├─sdb5   8:21   0 124.6G  0 part /home
├─sdb3   8:19   0   7.9G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sdb1   8:17   0 599.9M  0 part /boot
└─sdb6   8:22   0 118.2G  0 part 
loop4    7:4    0   291M  1 loop /snap/vlc/1620
sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
loop2    7:2    0    97M  1 loop /snap/core/9289
loop0    7:0    0    55M  1 loop /snap/core18/1705
sda      8:0    0 232.9G  0 disk 
└─sda1   8:1    0   197G  0 part 
loop5    7:5    0  96.5M  1 loop /snap/core/9436
loop3    7:3    0 290.4M  1 loop /snap/vlc/1700

问题：

如何解决这个错误？

帮助解决这个问题的任何可能的帮助也是值得赞赏的，例如，这个ata7有问题的端口是什么？从我收集的所有数据来看，它似乎不对应于任何物理磁盘或任何分区。

Answer 1

如何解决这个错误？

替换硬盘，因为它显然是在进行ATA重置。这是(几乎在所有情况下)的迹象，电子接近死亡或唠叨松散接触。

也许是SATA/SAS电缆(或连接器)，所以您可以先检查/交换。但在大多数情况下，我看到最近几年是驱动(电子)本身。

我也可以替换整个电脑

是的，那也能解决问题。在时间和金钱上听起来有点激进和昂贵，但这肯定能解决问题。

你能解释一下为什么我要更换硬盘吗？

因为这是缺陷。健康的硬盘不会玩on+off游戏。

...不试着用另一种更温和的方式解决问题吗？

确实有一些选择是可以选择的。您总是可以从USB棒启动(或者工作)。你可以在缺陷硬盘旁边放一个新的硬盘(忽略它)，或者不再使用这台电脑。但这些都不能修复坏了的驱动器。

提示:用软件或“其他温和的方法”解决硬件问题几乎不是一个真正的选择。