如何创建带有Wordpress映像的Docker容器并使用gcloud中的环境变量

Question

我想要创建一个带有Wordpress图像的实例容器。

我可以用以下方法创建容器：

gcloud compute instances create-with-container test-container --container-image=registry.hub.docker.com/library/wordpress --tags=http-server --zone=europe-west1-b --machine-type=n1-standard-1

如何传递映像的环境变量？

-e WORDPRESS_DB_HOST=10.0.0.0
-e WORDPRESS_DB_USER="test"
-e WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD="test"
-e WORDPRESS_DB_NAME="test"
-e WORDPRESS_TABLE_PREFIX="wp_"

我可以用创建容器语句中的标志来完成这个任务吗？

Answer 1

类似于允许传递环境变量的docker run命令：

$ docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
  --env , -e        Set environment variables
  --env-file        Read in a file of environment variables

gcloud compute instances create-with-container支持类似的功能和命令行参数：

$ gcloud compute instances create-with-container INSTANCE_NAMES [INSTANCE_NAMES …]

  --container-env=[KEY=VALUE, …,…]
    Declare environment variables KEY with value VALUE passed to container. 
    Only the last value of KEY is taken when KEY is repeated more than once. 
    Values, declared with --container-env flag override those with the same KEY from file, provided in --container-env-file. 

  --container-env-file=CONTAINER_ENV_FILE
    Declare environment variables in a file. 
    Values, declared with --container-env flag override those with the same KEY from file.
    File with environment variables in format used by docker (almost). This means:
    • Lines are in format KEY=VALUE.
    • Values must contain equality signs.
    • Variables without values are not supported (this is different from docker format).
    • If # is first non-whitespace character in a line the line is ignored as a comment.
    • Lines with nothing but whitespace are ignored.

例如

CloudShell:$ gcloud compute instances create-with-container nginx-container --container-image gcr.io/cloud-marketplace/google/nginx1:1.14 --zone=europe-west3-c --tags=nginx --container-env=MYVAR1=myval1,MYVAR2=myval2

或者，您可以创建一个类似于下面的create-vm.sh的shell脚本：

#!/bin/bash
set -x
gcloud compute instances create-with-container nginx-container --container-image gcr.io/cloud-marketplace/google/nginx1:1.14 --zone=europe-west3-c --tags=nginx --container-env=MYVAR1=$1,MYVAR2=$2

使用命令行中传递的变量启动它：

CloudShell:$ chmod +x create-vm.sh
CloudShell:$ ./create-vm.sh myval1 myval2

然后通过SSH连接到新创建的VM实例nginx-container，并检查Docker容器中的变量：

nginx-container:$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE                   COMMAND         CREATED     STATUS  NAMES 
8637cbacf2e1    gcr.io/cloud-marketplace/google/nginx1:1.14             "/usr/local/bin/dock…"  4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes    klt-nginx-container-ikrz 
nginx-container:$ sudo docker exec 8637cbacf2e1 printenv MYVAR1 MYVAR2
myval1
myval2

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