RHEL 7:如何解决一个多库问题

Question

我正在尝试在RHEL7.5服务器上安装texlive-xetex。这台服务器是为我预先“安装”的。

但是，当我尝试安装时，它会抱怨texlive-kpathsea受到保护。

[root@hostname ~]#  yum install -y texlive-xetex
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package texlive-xetex.noarch 2:svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: tex-xetexconfig for package: 2:texlive-xetex-svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-xetex-bin for package: 2:texlive-xetex-svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package texlive-xetex-bin.x86_64 2:svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-kpathsea-lib = 2:2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7 for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: teckit for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libTECkit.so.0()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicudata.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicui18n.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicuuc.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
---> Package texlive-xetexconfig.noarch 2:svn28819.0-38.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libicu.x86_64 0:50.1.2-17.el7 will be installed
---> Package teckit.x86_64 0:2.5.1-11.el7 will be installed
---> Package texlive-kpathsea-lib.i686 2:2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error:  Multilib version problems found. This often means that the root
       cause is something else and multilib version checking is just
       pointing out that there is a problem. Eg.:

         1. You have an upgrade for texlive-kpathsea-lib which is missing some
            dependency that another package requires. Yum is trying to
            solve this by installing an older version of texlive-kpathsea-lib of the
            different architecture. If you exclude the bad architecture
            yum will tell you what the root cause is (which package
            requires what). You can try redoing the upgrade with
            --exclude texlive-kpathsea-lib.otherarch ... this should give you an error
            message showing the root cause of the problem.

         2. You have multiple architectures of texlive-kpathsea-lib installed, but
            yum can only see an upgrade for one of those architectures.
            If you don't want/need both architectures anymore then you
            can remove the one with the missing update and everything
            will work.

         3. You have duplicate versions of texlive-kpathsea-lib installed already.
            You can use "yum check" to get yum show these errors.

       ...you can also use --setopt=protected_multilib=false to remove
       this checking, however this is almost never the correct thing to
       do as something else is very likely to go wrong (often causing
       much more problems).

       Protected multilib versions: 2:texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7.i686 != 2:texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64

但是，我只安装了kpathsea X86_64。

[root@hostname ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i kpathsea
texlive-kpathsea-svn28792.0-43.el7.noarch
texlive-kpathsea-bin-svn27347.0-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64

在我看来，它似乎想安装kpathsea se-lib.i 686。所以，我检查了几件事：

[root@hostname ~]# yum check
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
check all

[root@hostname ~]# yum check --showduplicates
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
check all

[root@hostname ~]# rpm -qa --dupes
gpg-pubkey.(none)
kernel-devel.x86_64
kernel.x86_64

[root@hostname ~]# package-cleanup --cleandupes
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
No duplicates to remove

回购清单是：

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
repo id                                        repo name                                                          status
epel/x86_64                                    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                     13,225
pgdg10/7Server/x86_64                          PostgreSQL 10 7Server - x86_64                                        719
pgdg11/7Server/x86_64                          PostgreSQL 11 7Server - x86_64                                        546
pgdg94/7Server/x86_64                          PostgreSQL 9.4 7Server - x86_64                                       788
pgdg95/7Server/x86_64                          PostgreSQL 9.5 7Server - x86_64                                       781
pgdg96/7Server/x86_64                          PostgreSQL 9.6 7Server - x86_64                                       785
remi-php72                                     Remi's PHP 7.2 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64         370
remi-safe                                      Safe Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64          3,451
rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Extended Update Support - Opti 13,684
rhel-7-server-rpms/7Server/x86_64              Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server (RPMs)                           24,345
repolist: 58,694

不过，现在我被困住了。任何最受欢迎的帮助或建议。

谢谢。

Answer 1

我在您的repos列表中看到的明显问题是，系统只部分地为扩展更新支持repos设置：

rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Extended Update Support - Opti 13,684
rhel-7-server-rpms/7Server/x86_64              Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server (RPMs)                           24,345

可选通道在EUS上，但基本通道不是。

由于包texlive-xetex-bin位于可选通道中，而它依赖于texlive-kpathsea-lib的包位于基本通道中，因此您将得到此版本不匹配。

要解决这个问题，如果系统有权使用EUS，则应该将基本通道切换到EUS，或者将可选通道切换到EUS (并允许系统更新到RHEL 7.6)。

例如，继续讨论EUS：

subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-eus-rpms
subscription-manager repos --disable=rhel-7-server-rpms
subscription-manager release --set=7.5

或者离开尤斯：

subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
subscription-manager repos --disable=rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms
subscription-manager release --unset

有关更多信息，请参见以下Red文章：如何将系统绑定到的特定更新？