Centos Kickstart文件- hdd分区以便于增加hdd大小

Question

我正在寻找一种分区的方法(最后是vm的启动文件)，这样就可以增加磁盘空间，而不必让vm离线(lvm没有问题)，也不需要删除/重新创建分区--使用附带的centos工具。

有可能的办法吗？

谢谢!

编辑:这是我在启动文件中的实际分区选项：

磁盘分区信息

part pv.192 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow
volgroup centos --pesize=4096 pv.192
logvol / fstype="xfs" --name=root --vgname=centos --maxsize=51200 --size=5024 --grow
logvol swap  --fstype="swap" --size=4096 --name=swap --vgname=centos

part pv.193  --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sdb --size=1 --grow
volgroup logs --pesize=4096 pv.193
logvol /var/log  --fstype="xfs" --maxsize=51200 --size=8192 --grow  --name=log --vgname=logs

这里的缺点是，在调整大小时，我必须删除/重新创建卷。

看上去是这样的：

[root@localhost ~]# ssm list
-----------------------------------------------------------
Device        Free      Used     Total  Pool    Mount point
-----------------------------------------------------------
/dev/sda                      21.00 GB          PARTITIONED
/dev/sda1                      1.00 GB          /boot
/dev/sda2  0.00 KB  20.00 GB  20.00 GB  centos
/dev/sdb                      32.00 GB
/dev/sdb1  0.00 KB  32.00 GB  32.00 GB  logs
-----------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
Pool    Type  Devices     Free      Used     Total
--------------------------------------------------
centos  lvm   1        0.00 KB  20.00 GB  20.00 GB
logs    lvm   1        0.00 KB  32.00 GB  32.00 GB
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Volume            Pool    Volume size  FS      FS size       Free  Type    Mount point
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/centos/root  centos     16.00 GB  xfs    15.99 GB   14.99 GB  linear  /
/dev/centos/swap  centos      4.00 GB                              linear
/dev/logs/log     logs       32.00 GB  xfs    31.98 GB   31.95 GB  linear  /var/log
/dev/sda1                     1.00 GB  xfs  1014.00 MB  871.73 MB  part    /boot
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

这就是我想要的(vdb，vdc，vdd) --但也适用于操作系统磁盘：

[root@vm1 isolinux]# ssm list
-------------------------------------------------------------
Device        Free       Used      Total  Pool    Mount point
-------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/vda                       445.00 GB          PARTITIONED
/dev/vda1                        1.00 GB          /boot
/dev/vda2  0.00 KB  439.00 GB  439.00 GB  centos
/dev/vdb   0.00 KB   30.00 GB   30.00 GB  centos
/dev/vdc   0.00 KB   20.00 GB   20.00 GB  testvg
/dev/vdd   0.00 KB   40.00 GB   40.00 GB  vg_vdd
-------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------
Pool    Type  Devices     Free       Used      Total
----------------------------------------------------
centos  lvm   2        0.00 KB  468.99 GB  468.99 GB
testvg  lvm   1        0.00 KB   20.00 GB   20.00 GB
vg_vdd  lvm   1        0.00 KB   40.00 GB   40.00 GB
----------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Volume                   Pool    Volume size  FS      FS size       Free  Type    Mount point
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/centos/root         centos    440.00 GB  xfs   439.98 GB  374.89 GB  linear  /
/dev/centos/swap         centos      4.00 GB                              linear
/dev/vg_vdd/lv_vdd       vg_vdd     40.00 GB  xfs    39.99 GB   39.99 GB  linear
/dev/centos/TEST-SDB     centos     25.00 GB  xfs    24.99 GB   24.99 GB  linear
/dev/testvg/lv_vdc-test  testvg     20.00 GB  xfs    19.99 GB   19.99 GB  linear
/dev/vda1                            1.00 GB  xfs  1014.00 MB  790.33 MB  part    /boot
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

我希望使用LVM，并将我的文件系统(包括操作系统)直接放在磁盘上。在“磁盘分区信息”部分中是否有一种方法，或者我是否必须对%post (这将排除OS磁盘)进行更改。

谢谢你的暗示！

Answer 1

您总是可以使用"onboad“工具来重新创建。删除fdisk中的一个部分并不会擦除它。您只需删除部分，然后重新创建在相同的开始扇区，但更大的大小。在运行挂载分区时，不要犹豫。它不会破坏任何东西。

但是，要在重新创建之后实际使用这个额外的大小，仍然需要一种方法来告诉内核重新加载旧磁盘的部分表，因此您必须安装parted并使用part探头(fdisk将建议您在编写更改和退出时使用这个方法)。它在存储库中，所以只需将yum安装分离。

然后使用resize2fs在线放大文件系统。

VM内部不需要LVM，因为它只会使事情变得更加复杂。(惊喜！)让主机做实际的物理卷布局管理。

请参阅文字记录(实际上是来自Debian的，但对于CentOS，它将完全相同)：

root@test:/home/merlin# fdisk -l /dev/sd?
Disk /dev/sda: 8 GiB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3bc1a4d0

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1          2048  1048575  1046528  511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2       1048576 16777215 15728640  7.5G 83 Linux
root@test:/home/merlin# df -h
Файловая система Размер Использовано  Дост Использовано% Cмонтировано в
udev               494M            0  494M            0% /dev
tmpfs              100M         1.7M   98M            2% /run
/dev/sda2          7.4G         921M  6.1G           13% /
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /dev/shm
tmpfs              5.0M            0  5.0M            0% /run/lock
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs              100M            0  100M            0% /run/user/1000

此时，我在虚拟化主机上向sda添加了16 Gb。VM看到：

root@test:/home/merlin# dmesg | tail
[    3.613736] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 42
[    3.858801] random: crng init done
[    3.927777] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[    3.939081] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    3.939082] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    3.963159] input: QEMU QEMU USB Tablet as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.2/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:0627:0001.0001/input/input6
[    3.963623] hid-generic 0003:0627:0001.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v0.01 Mouse [QEMU QEMU USB Tablet] on usb-0000:00:01.2-1/input0
[   54.108990] sd 0:0:0:0: Capacity data has changed
[   54.110036] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 50331648 512-byte logical blocks: (25.8 GB/24.0 GiB)
[   54.110235] sda: detected capacity change from 8589934592 to 25769803776

现在，整个程序：

root@test:/home/merlin# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 24 GiB, 25769803776 bytes, 50331648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3bc1a4d0

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1          2048  1048575  1046528  511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2       1048576 16777215 15728640  7.5G 83 Linux
root@test:/home/merlin# fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.29.2).                                                                                                                                                        
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2

Partition 2 has been deleted.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (1048576-50331647, default 1048576): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (1048576-50331647, default 50331647): 

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 23.5 GiB.
Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.

Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: n

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 24 GiB, 25769803776 bytes, 50331648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3bc1a4d0

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1          2048  1048575  1046528  511M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2       1048576 50331647 49283072 23.5G 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Устройство или ресурс занято

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).

root@test:/home/merlin# partprobe /dev/sda
root@test:/home/merlin# df -h
Файловая система Размер Использовано  Дост Использовано% Cмонтировано в
udev               494M            0  494M            0% /dev
tmpfs              100M         1.7M   98M            2% /run
/dev/sda2          7.4G         921M  6.1G           13% /
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /dev/shm
tmpfs              5.0M            0  5.0M            0% /run/lock
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs              100M            0  100M            0% /run/user/1000
root@test:/home/merlin# resize2fs /dev/sda2
resize2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
Filesystem at /dev/sda2 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 3
The filesystem on /dev/sda2 is now 6160384 (4k) blocks long.

root@test:/home/merlin# df -h
Файловая система Размер Использовано  Дост Использовано% Cмонтировано в
udev               494M            0  494M            0% /dev
tmpfs              100M         1.7M   98M            2% /run
/dev/sda2           24G         924M   22G            5% /
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /dev/shm
tmpfs              5.0M            0  5.0M            0% /run/lock
tmpfs              499M            0  499M            0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs              100M            0  100M            0% /run/user/1000

Answer 2

因为在“磁盘分区信息”部分中显然没有办法完成该任务，所以我使用了%预部分。在这里，您几乎可以使用常见的bash命令，只需做一些修改：

%pre --log /tmp/pre-install.log
echo "Starting Kickstart Pre-Installation..."

echo "Step 1: vgcreate vg_sdb /dev/sdb -f -y"
vgcreate vg_sdb /dev/sdb -f -y

echo "Step 2: lvcreate -l 100%FREE --name sdb vg_sdb"
lvcreate -l 100%FREE --name sdb vg_sdb

echo "Step 3: mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_sdb/sdb"
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_sdb/sdb
vgchange -ay


%end

因为我的启动器将从另一个工具中创建，所以这里不需要进一步的逻辑(例如，没有硬编码的磁盘和卷组，.)