安装运行在VM中的NFS-服务器:连接超时

Question

我在虚拟机器中偶然发现了NFS的这个普遍问题。长话短说，我试图卷起一个使用NFS的迷雾服务器。

• NFS-服务器VM-主机处于桥接模式，IP: 10.0.0.136
• 可以在物理主机上安装来自其他VM的NFS共享，但不能从其他局域网设备挂载.
• 无论我使用什么VM平台，虚拟机都处于NAT桥模式.
• 防火墙禁用-端口..。是..。打开..。
• 运行VM平台的物理机器是Windows 10家庭、禁用防火墙和Intel网络适配器.

问题是:当我从其他局域网设备挂载时，我会得到“连接超时”，但显示挂载在2分钟零10秒后就会响应。此测试是在同一个局域网上的Synology上执行的.

# mount -v -t nfs nfsserver:/images /volume1/test
mount.nfs: timeout set for Tue Jan 30 23:43:55 2018
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755
mount.nfs: mount(2): Connection timed out
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755
mount.nfs: mount(2): Connection timed out
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755

# showmount -e nfsserver
Export list for 10.0.0.136:
/images/dev 10.0.0.0/24
/images     10.0.0.0/24

当我从另一个VM(同一VMplatform上的主机)挂载时，它可以正常工作--在本例中，Debian 9/VirtualBox:即时挂载和即时“显示-e”响应。

# mount -vt nfs nfsserver:/images /mnt/test
mount.nfs: timeout set for Wed Jan 31 01:03:30 2018
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=4.2,addr=10.0.0.136,clientaddr=10.0.0.108'
mount.nfs: mount(2): No such file or directory
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=17
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot UDP port 33485

这是我在nfsserver上的/etc/exports：

# cat /etc/exports
/images 10.0.0.0/24(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0)
/images/dev 10.0.0.0/24(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)

这是防火墙(禁用)：

# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

服务部门正在收听：

# rpcinfo -p
   program vers proto   port  service
    100000    4   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    4   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   udp    111  portmapper
    100005    1   udp  48327  mountd
    100005    1   tcp  47113  mountd
    100005    2   udp  50106  mountd
    100005    2   tcp  46029  mountd
    100005    3   udp  38832  mountd
    100005    3   tcp  46131  mountd
    100003    2   tcp   2049  nfs
    100003    3   tcp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   tcp   2049  nfs
    100227    2   tcp   2049
    100227    3   tcp   2049
    100003    2   udp   2049  nfs
    100003    3   udp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   udp   2049  nfs
    100227    2   udp   2049
    100227    3   udp   2049
    100021    1   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    3   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    4   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    1   tcp  45767  nlockmgr
    100021    3   tcp  45767  nlockmgr
    100021    4   tcp  45767  nlockmgr

局域网设备超时的端口扫描显示打开的端口：

# nmap -p 111,2049 -T4 -A nfsserver
Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2018-01-31 00:22 CET
Nmap scan report for nfsserver (10.0.0.136)
Host is up (0.00079s latency).
rDNS record for 10.0.0.136: nfsserver
PORT     STATE SERVICE VERSION
111/tcp  open  rpcbind 2-4 (RPC #100000)
| rpcinfo:
|   program version   port/proto  service
|   100000  2,3,4        111/tcp  rpcbind
|   100000  2,3,4        111/udp  rpcbind
|   100003  2,3,4       2049/tcp  nfs
|   100003  2,3,4       2049/udp  nfs
|   100005  1,2,3      38832/udp  mountd
|   100005  1,2,3      46131/tcp  mountd
|   100021  1,3,4      36259/udp  nlockmgr
|   100021  1,3,4      45767/tcp  nlockmgr
|   100227  2,3         2049/tcp  nfs_acl
|_  100227  2,3         2049/udp  nfs_acl
2049/tcp open  nfs_acl 2-3 (RPC #100227)
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.33 seconds

/etc/hosts.allow和/etc/hosts.deny都是空的：

# cat /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.deny
#

到目前为止，我已经在以下方面重复了这个问题：

• RHEL 7/ VirtualBox
• Debian 9/ VirtualBox
• 软呢帽13 / VirtualBox
• Debian 9/ VMWare工作站播放器14
• Ubuntu 16 / VMWare工作站播放器14

太奇怪了！在尝试了将近一个星期之后，我向你投降，强大的服务器故障之神

我既无知又谦逊！

如何在不超时的情况下安装到运行在虚拟机中的NFS服务器？

编辑:谢谢你的形成。我尝试了tcpdumping两端，似乎有些数据包从未到达VM内部的NFS-服务器。在virtualbox内部，它看起来像是一个网络问题。但还是一无所知..。

Answer 1

我不知道为什么这个问题会发生在VM中，但是如果我安装了版本3，它就能工作了。

mount -t nfs -o vers=3,nolock,proto=tcp nfsserver:/images /volume1/test

找到了解决办法，但不是很能解释..？