Centos“无法为此处创建临时文件-document:只读文件系统”

Question

我得到了这个错误，无论我想在服务器上做什么。

cannot create temp file for here-document: Read-only file system

cpanel，whm和所有网站都关闭了

我所有的系统文件都是只读的。我寻找任何可能有用的东西，但它不起作用：

我有200克的免费磁盘空间。我的操作系统是Centos与WHM (Cpanel)，它是在Hetzner数据中心救援没有帮助

因为它是只读的，所以我不能编辑/etc/fstab。

vim /etc/fstab

我的磁盘是

[root@server ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs         32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs            32G   25M   32G   1% /run
tmpfs            32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md2        874G  545G  285G  66% /
tmpfs           6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/0

我试着重装，但也不起作用。

mount -o remount,rw /

输出“dmesg\ of尾”

[    3.576436] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp0s31f6: link is not ready
[    6.969821] e1000e: enp0s31f6 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx
[    6.970035] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s31f6: link becomes ready
[   10.124036] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[   10.140747] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (65536 buckets, 262144 max)
[   42.683041] systemd-readahead[566]: Failed to open pack file: Read-only file system
[   60.065749] ip_set: protocol 7
[  302.063222] EXT4-fs (md2): error count since last fsck: 354
[  302.063288] EXT4-fs (md2): initial error at time 1622194023: ext4_xattr_block_get:321: inode 37361099
[  302.063461] EXT4-fs (md2): last error at time 1660967530: ext4_xattr_block_get:321: inode 37358850

“日志-xe”的输出

[root@server ~]# journalctl -xe
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 1' suspended, next retry is Fri Jan 20 19:32:01 2023 [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2007 ]
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com PAM-hulk[5183]: failed to connect stream socket
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com sshd[5183]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): check pass; user unknown
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com sshd[5183]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=46.101.248.68
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:31:31 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:31:32 server.mm.com sshd[5183]: Failed password for invalid user amssys from 46.101.248.68 port 38188 ssh2
Jan 20 19:31:32 server.mm.com sshd[5183]: Received disconnect from 46.101.248.68 port 38188:11: Bye Bye [preauth]
Jan 20 19:31:32 server.mm.com sshd[5183]: Disconnected from 46.101.248.68 port 38188 [preauth]
Jan 20 19:31:33 server.mm.com PAM-hulk[5182]: failed to connect stream socket
Jan 20 19:31:33 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=61.177.173.39  user=root
Jan 20 19:31:33 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): requirement "uid >= 1000" not met by user "root"
Jan 20 19:31:33 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:31:34 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: Invalid user netadmin from 43.134.40.99 port 42568
Jan 20 19:31:34 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: input_userauth_request: invalid user netadmin [preauth]
Jan 20 19:31:34 server.mm.com PAM-hulk[5189]: failed to connect stream socket
Jan 20 19:31:34 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): check pass; user unknown
Jan 20 19:31:34 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=43.134.40.99
Jan 20 19:31:35 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: Failed password for root from 61.177.173.39 port 58331 ssh2
Jan 20 19:31:36 server.mm.com PAM-hulk[5182]: failed to connect stream socket
Jan 20 19:31:36 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): requirement "uid >= 1000" not met by user "root"
Jan 20 19:31:37 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: Failed password for invalid user netadmin from 43.134.40.99 port 42568 ssh2
Jan 20 19:31:37 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:31:37 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: Received disconnect from 43.134.40.99 port 42568:11: Bye Bye [preauth]
Jan 20 19:31:37 server.mm.com sshd[5189]: Disconnected from 43.134.40.99 port 42568 [preauth]
Jan 20 19:31:38 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: Failed password for root from 61.177.173.39 port 58331 ssh2
Jan 20 19:31:38 server.mm.com PAM-hulk[5182]: failed to connect stream socket
Jan 20 19:31:38 server.mm.com sshd[5182]: pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): requirement "uid >= 1000" not met by user "root"
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com systemd[1]: Started clamd antivirus daemon.
-- Subject: Unit clamd.service has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit clamd.service has finished starting up.
-- 
-- The start-up result is done.
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' resumed (module 'builtin:omfile') [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2359 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: file '/var/log/messages': open error: Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2433 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: action 'action 0' suspended, next retry is Fri Jan 20 19:35:06 2023 [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2007 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]
Jan 20 19:34:36 server.mm.com rsyslogd[1205]: imjournal: fopen() failed for path: '/var/lib/rsyslog/imjournal.state.tmp': Read-only file system [v8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2013 ]

解决:我联系了Hetzner的支持，他们修复了它为我的感激！

Please use the following wiki guide to run the file system check:

-----------------%<-----------------
https://docs.hetzner.com/robot/dedicated-server/troubleshooting/filesystem-check/

Answer 1

如果使用rw权限重新装入无法工作，请尝试以救援模式引导服务器，并在分区上运行文件系统检查(Fsck)，然后再尝试重新装入它。您还可以尝试使用命令e2fsck -p /dev/sda1 1修复文件系统(假设/dev/sda1 1是出现问题的分区)。