Udev、libpam-systemd、systemd-sysv和systemd依赖项错误容易导致不可用。

Question

在错误地再次下载弹出桌面后，udev和systemd存在依赖错误，使我无法使用apt。当我运行sudo apt升级时，会出现以下错误：

user@computer:~$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libpam-systemd : Depends: systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3.1)
 systemd-sysv : Depends: systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3.1)
 udev : Breaks: systemd (< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1)
        Breaks: systemd:i386 (< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1)
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

当我尝试sudo apt --修复-损坏的安装：

user@computer:~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpam-systemd libudev1 libudev1:i386 systemd-sysv udev
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libpam-systemd libudev1 libudev1:i386 systemd-sysv udev
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 downgraded, 0 to remove and 63 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/2,708 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd:
 udev (249.11-0ubuntu3.1) breaks systemd (<< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1) and is installed.
  Version of systemd to be configured is 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af.

dpkg: error processing package systemd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a 
previous failure.
                 Errors were encountered while processing:
 systemd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

执行该命令后，我转到多个源，无法找到解决方案来解决我的情况。

我尝试了sudo配置-a，它返回了以下内容：

 user@computer:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd:
 udev (249.11-0ubuntu3.1) breaks systemd (<< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1) and is installed.
  Version of systemd to be configured is 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af.

dpkg: error processing package systemd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd-timesyncd:
 systemd-timesyncd depends on systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af); however:
  Package systemd is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package systemd-timesyncd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libnss-systemd:amd64:
 libnss-systemd:amd64 depends on systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af); however:
  Package systemd is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package libnss-systemd:amd64 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 systemd
 systemd-timesyncd
 libnss-systemd:amd64

我试过sudo apt -f安装和sudo apt -修复坏安装：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpam-systemd libudev1 libudev1:i386 systemd-sysv udev
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libpam-systemd libudev1 libudev1:i386 systemd-sysv udev
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 downgraded, 0 to remove and 63 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/2,708 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd:
 udev (249.11-0ubuntu3.1) breaks systemd (<< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1) and is installed.
  Version of systemd to be configured is 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af.

dpkg: error processing package systemd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a 
previous failure.
                 Errors were encountered while processing:
 systemd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我还试过Synaptic：

                         Errors were encountered while processing:
 systemd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
A package failed to install.  Trying to recover:
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd:
 udev (249.11-0ubuntu3.1) breaks systemd (<< 249.11-0ubuntu3.1) and is installed.
  Version of systemd to be configured is 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af.

dpkg: error processing package systemd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of systemd-timesyncd:
 systemd-timesyncd depends on systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af); however:
  Package systemd is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package systemd-timesyncd (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libnss-systemd:amd64:
 libnss-systemd:amd64 depends on systemd (= 249.11-0ubuntu3pop0~1650312774~22.04~cecf6af); however:
  Package systemd is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package libnss-systemd:amd64 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 systemd
 systemd-timesyncd
 libnss-systemd:amd64

有没有办法解决这个udev和系统问题？如果这个问题已经解决了，你能把链接发送到已经解决的地方吗？为了让你知道，我使用的是流行的！_OS 22.04LTS。

Answer 1

我在Pop_Os！22.04LTS上遇到了同样的问题，这里的答案是https://askubuntu.com/questions/146150/unable-to-fix-broken-packages-with-sudo-apt-get-install-f。

帮我解决了这个问题。我从该文件中删除了udev条目，运行了apt升级，成功地完成了升级。

然后，我确认udev回到了文件中，到目前为止一切似乎都还好，现在通过终端或pop商店进行更新，虽然我不能100%肯定这是否会有任何负面的后续问题。

在做任何事情之前，一定要备份文件，以防万一！