如何升级RHEL 8？

Question

我使用的是RHEL 8系统，默认情况下安装了sed 4.5。

[root@192 ~]# rpm -qf `which sed`
sed-4.5-2.el8.x86_64
[root@192 ~]#

因为我想使用--debug选项来调试一些sed命令，所以我必须升级sed。当我试图卸载sed时，我发现许多其他软件包都依赖于它：

[root@192 ~]# rpm -e sed
error: Failed dependencies:
    /bin/sed is needed by (installed) os-prober-1.74-6.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) krb5-libs-1.18.2-5.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) ca-certificates-2020.2.41-80.0.el8_2.noarch
    sed is needed by (installed) dracut-049-95.git20200804.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) policycoreutils-2.9-9.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) sane-backends-1.0.27-19.el8_2.1.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) authselect-libs-1.2.1-2.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) open-vm-tools-11.1.0-2.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) dhcp-client-12:4.3.6-41.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) cups-filters-1.20.0-20.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) nfs-utils-1:2.3.3-35.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) authselect-compat-1.2.1-2.el8.x86_64
    sed is needed by (installed) autofs-1:5.1.4-43.el8.x86_64
    /usr/bin/sed is needed by (installed) groff-base-1.22.3-18.el8.x86_64
[root@192 ~]#

在这种情况下，升级sed的正确方法是什么？我还试图直接安装一个新版本：

[root@192 ~]# rpm -ivh https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/35/Everything/aarch64/os/Packages/s/sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64.rpm
Retrieving https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/35/Everything/aarch64/os/Packages/s/sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.VumGnB: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 9867c58f: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    glibc >= 2.33.9000-43.fc35 is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
    ld-linux-aarch64.so.1()(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
    ld-linux-aarch64.so.1(GLIBC_2.17)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.33)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.34)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
    libselinux.so.1(LIBSELINUX_1.0)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.aarch64
[root@192 ~]#

但是，正如您所看到的，它也有一些失败的依赖项。我是否应该安装这些缺失的依赖项并再次安装？

更新

正如jsbillings在评论中指出的那样，我使用了错误的包体系结构。下面是安装x86_64包的输出。

[root@192 ~]# rpm -ivh https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/35/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/s/sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64.rpm
Retrieving https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/35/Everything/x86_64/os/Packages/s/sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.FT7OI2: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 9867c58f: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    glibc >= 2.33.9000-43.fc35 is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.33)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.34)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64
    libselinux.so.1(LIBSELINUX_1.0)(64bit) is needed by sed-4.8-8.fc35.x86_64
[root@192 ~]# 

Answer 1

您不能在RHEL上安装Fedora软件包。

我建议运行一个容器，而不是试图升级您的sed，因为您只需要一个较新的版本来进行调试功能：

sudo yum install podman
podman run -it --rm fedora:35

这将为您提供一个带有最新版本sed的Fedora容器。