CentOS 7:重启后，zfs模块不会加载，no /dev/zfs

Question

959天后，CentOS 7系统需要重新启动，该系统在过去几年一直完美地使用ZFS。在此期间，我每月运行一次yum update。

重新启动系统显然无法加载它的ZFS模块，这一点可以从

# zpool list
/dev/zfs and /proc/self/mounts are required.
Try running 'udevadm trigger' and 'mount -t proc proc /proc' as root.
# modprobe zfs
modprobe: FATAL: Module zfs not found.
# uname -a
Linux foo 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 30 15:51:32 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# yum install zfs zfs-kmod
Package zfs-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package kmod-zfs-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

/proc被挂载，而udevadm trigger没有任何影响。/dev/zfs不存在。ZFS (大小写不敏感)的Grepping为空。手动加载模块

# modprobe zfs
modprobe: FATAL: Module zfs not found.

我很困惑。我怎样才能让ZFS再次运行呢？

编辑

一个问题是，我在/etc/yum.repos.d/zfs.repo的回购仍然是7.6英镑，而/etc/yum.repos.d/zfs.repo.rpmnew是7.9英镑。我保存了旧的zfs.repo，并将其拷贝到了zfs.repo上。然后再次按照kABI的说明进行操作。现在我明白了：

# yum install zfs
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package spl.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: spl = 0.7.13 for package: kmod-spl-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64
---> Package zfs.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: zfs = 0.7.13 for package: kmod-zfs-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64
---> Package zfs.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: libzpool4 = 2.0.7 for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libzfs4 = 2.0.7 for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libuutil3 = 2.0.7 for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnvpair3 = 2.0.7 for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libzpool.so.4()(64bit) for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libzfs_core.so.3()(64bit) for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libzfs.so.4()(64bit) for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libuutil.so.3()(64bit) for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnvpair.so.3()(64bit) for package: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kmod-zfs.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be updated
---> Package kmod-zfs.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be an update
---> Package libnvpair1.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
---> Package libnvpair3.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package libuutil1.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
---> Package libuutil3.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package libzfs2.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
---> Package libzfs4.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package libzpool2.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
---> Package libzpool4.x86_64 0:2.0.7-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package spl.x86_64 0:0.7.13-1.el7_6 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: spl = 0.7.13 for package: kmod-spl-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: kmod-spl-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64 (@zfs-kmod)
           Requires: spl = 0.7.13
           Removing: spl-0.7.13-1.el7_6.x86_64 (@zfs-kmod)
               spl = 0.7.13-1.el7_6
           Obsoleted By: zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 (zfs-kmod)
               Not found
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

# yum install --skip-broken zfs
[...]
Packages skipped because of dependency problems:
    kmod-zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod
    libnvpair3-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod
    libuutil3-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod
    libzfs4-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod
    libzpool4-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod
    zfs-2.0.7-1.el7.x86_64 from zfs-kmod

我怎样才能解决依赖问题？

Answer 1

959天没有重新启动？哇。我假设您没有使用kexec，所以这意味着您已经第一次启动了新内核。问题是，您安装的ZFS模块是为不同的内核构建的，所以您现在无法加载它。

你的选择：

• 尝试使用weak-modules skript (如果您不需要initramfs中的weak-modules --add-kernel --no-initramfs)。如果没有kABI更改，它将将模块符号链接到新的/lib/module目录，以使其在新内核中可用。(如果这是您第一次使用新内核，那么可能会发生kABI更改。)
• 如果上面没有工作，您可以尝试重新安装软件包。OpenZFS 提到这个是在CentOS次要版本之间进行升级时的必要步骤。
  1. 您需要首先使用zfs、spl和kmod-zfs来删除现有的yum remove zfs spl kmod-zfs包。
  2. 从OpenZFS安装7.9的最新存储库。

安装https://zfsonlinux.org/epel/zfs-release.el7_9.noarch.rpm rpm --导入/etc/pki/RPM-GPG/RPM-KEY-zfsonlinux

1. Install `zfs` and `kmod-zfs` from the newly added repo.

• 您还可以尝试安装DKMS模块(它将在内核更新后自动重建)，而不是现在使用的kmod包。