重新启动后未检测到新的键盘布局变体

Question

我在/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/il文件中添加了一个新的部分。然后，我在/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst中添加了该部分的引用，并刷新了sudo dpkg-reconfigure xkb-data。但是，即使在重新启动系统(Kubuntu20.04LTS)之后，KDE的系统设置中也没有新的键盘布局。

下面是对系统和我所做的更改的总结：

$ # Running the current Ubuntu LTS
$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS \n \l

$ # Kernel up to date
$ uname -a
Linux matrix-lenovo 5.11.0-38-generic #42~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Tue Sep 28 20:41:07 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

$ # Using X11, not Wayland
$ loginctl show-session $(loginctl|grep $(whoami) |awk '{print $1}') -p Type
Type=x11

$ # Emptied XKB cache
$ ls -la /var/lib/xkb
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Oct 27 12:31 .
drwxr-xr-x 89 root root 4096 Oct 26 08:19 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  644 Jul  6 13:17 README.compiled

$ # Added "Potsatzi" Hebrew layout to XKB rules
$ grep Hebrew /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst
  il              Hebrew
  lyx             il: Hebrew (lyx)
  phonetic        il: Hebrew (phonetic)
  biblical        il: Hebrew (Biblical, Tiro)
  potsatzi        il: Hebrew (Potsatzi)

$ # Added "Potsatzi" Hebrew layout to Hebrew XKB symbols file
$ diff /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/il.bak /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/il
140a141,205
> // Based on lyx, with additional useful directional characters
> // See table here: https://dotancohen.com/howto/rtl_right_to_left.html
> partial alphanumeric_keys
> xkb_symbols "potsatzi" {
>     name[Group1]= "Hebrew (Potsatzi)";
> 
>     key  { [ semicolon, asciitilde      ] };
>     // On some key (e.g. AD01, right below) there is not yet mapping for the
>     // second shift level. Since I could not figure a simple way to map this
>     // to "emit nothing", it is currently mapped to the same letter of the
>     // first shift level (avoiding mapping may risk it be used by a character
>     // from a different group).
>     key  { [ slash, slash                       ] };
>     key  { [ apostrophe, apostrophe     ] };
>     key  { [ hebrew_qoph, 0x10005b8     ] }; // Qamats
>     key  { [ hebrew_resh, 0x10005bc     ] }; // Dagesh/Shuruq
>     key  { [ hebrew_aleph, 0x100200e    ] }; // LRM
>     key  { [ hebrew_tet, 0x100200f      ] }; // RLM
>     key  { [ hebrew_waw, 0x10005b9      ] }; // Holam
>     key  { [ hebrew_finalnun, 0x100202a ] }; // ADDED by potsatzi LRE
>     key  { [ hebrew_finalmem, 0x100202b ] }; // ADDED by potsatzi RLE
>     key  { [ hebrew_pe, 0x10005b7               ] }; // Patah
> 
>     key  { [ hebrew_shin, 0x10005b0     ] }; // Sheva
>     key  { [ hebrew_dalet, 0x10005bc    ] }; // Dagesh/Shuruq
>     key  { [ hebrew_gimel, hebrew_gimel ] };
>     key  { [ hebrew_kaph, hebrew_kaph   ] };
>     key  { [ hebrew_ayin, 0x10005c2     ] }; // Sin dot
>     key  { [ hebrew_yod, 0x10005c1      ] }; // Shin dot
>     key  { [ hebrew_chet, 0x10005b4     ] }; // Hiriq
>     key  { [ hebrew_lamed, 0x10020aa    ] }; // NIS
>     key  { [ hebrew_finalkaph, 0x100202c        ] }; // ADDED by potsatzi PDF
>     key  { [ hebrew_finalpe, colon      ] };
>     key  { [ comma, quotedbl            ] };
> 
>     key  { [ hebrew_zain, hebrew_zain   ] };
>     key  { [ hebrew_samech,0x10005b6    ] }; // Segol
>     key  { [ hebrew_bet, 0x10005bb      ] }; // Qubuts
>     key  { [ hebrew_he, 0x10005b1               ] }; // H. Segol
>     key  { [ hebrew_nun, 0x10005b2      ] }; // H. Patah
>     key  { [ hebrew_mem, 0x10005b3      ] }; // H.  Qamats
>     key  { [ hebrew_zade, 0x10005b5     ] }; // Tsere
>     key  { [ hebrew_taw, greater                ] };
>     key  { [ hebrew_finalzade, less     ] };
>     key  { [ period, question           ] };
> 
>     // Note the parens mirroring below:
>     key  { [ bracketright, braceright   ] };
>     key  { [ bracketleft, braceleft     ] };
>     key  { [ 1, exclam                  ] };
>     key  { [ 2, at                      ] };
>     key  { [ 3, numbersign              ] };
>     key  { [ 4, dollar                  ] };
>     key  { [ 5, percent                 ] };
>     key  { [ 6, asciicircum             ] };
>     key  { [ 7, ampersand                       ] };
>     key  { [ 8, asterisk                        ] };
>     key  { [ 9, parenright              ] };
>     key  { [ 0, parenleft                       ] };
> 
>     key  { [ minus, 0x10005be           ] }; // H. Hiphen
>     key  { [ equal, plus                        ] };
> };
> 
> 

potsatzi文件的/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/il部分是上一节的复制粘贴(在VIM中是yank-D5)，有以下更改：

• 该名称在两个地方从lyx更改为potsatzi。
• 白色空间清理
• 我在shift-char位置添加了三个Unicode代码点，这些行有注释ADDED by potsatzi，并添加了字符的名称。

Other比向 /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst**添加别名、从** /var/lib/xkb/**删除缓存文件和重新启动系统，我还需要做什么才能让系统识别新的布局变体？*

Answer 1

我找到了这个错误报告，它把我指向了/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml。除了OP问题中提到的所有其他工作之外，在文件中添加以下行，在重新启动之后解决了这个问题：

        potsatzi
        Hebrew (Potsatzi)

我现在的键盘上还有三个字符！