Debian不使用AMD GPU

Question

我正在运行Debian 10和内核5.10通过buster后端。amd的已安装驱动程序是amdgpu，据我理解，dmesg的输出告诉我正在识别驱动程序，

[    2.774224] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[    2.774409] amdgpu: Topology: Add CPU node
[    2.774596] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: amdgpu: Trusted Memory Zone (TMZ) feature not supported
[    2.792960] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: amdgpu: Fetched VBIOS from ATRM
[    2.792962] amdgpu: ATOM BIOS: BR64533.001
[    2.811910] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_k_mc.bin
[    2.811918] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: amdgpu: VRAM: 2048M 0x000000F400000000 - 0x000000F47FFFFFFF (2048M used)
[    2.811919] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: amdgpu: GART: 256M 0x000000FF00000000 - 0x000000FF0FFFFFFF
[    2.811996] [drm] amdgpu: 2048M of VRAM memory ready
[    2.811997] [drm] amdgpu: 3072M of GTT memory ready.
[    2.812695] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_pfp_2.bin
[    2.812704] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_me_2.bin
[    2.812712] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_ce_2.bin
[    2.812721] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_rlc.bin
[    2.812776] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_mec_2.bin
[    2.812832] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_mec2_2.bin
[    2.813340] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_sdma.bin
[    2.813348] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_sdma1.bin
[    2.813383] amdgpu: hwmgr_sw_init smu backed is polaris10_smu
[    2.813465] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_uvd.bin
[    2.814530] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_vce.bin
[    2.815130] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware amdgpu/polaris12_k_smc.bin
[    3.051566] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: amdgpu: SE 2, SH per SE 1, CU per SH 5, active_cu_number 10
[    3.055642] [drm] Initialized amdgpu 3.40.0 20150101 for 0000:03:00.0 on minor 1

lshw -c video展示了集成的和专用的GPU。

*-display                 
       description: VGA compatible controller
       product: Intel Corporation
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 2
       bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
       version: 02
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
       configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
       resources: irq:130 memory:c1000000-c1ffffff memory:a0000000-afffffff ioport:4000(size=64) memory:c0000-dffff
  *-display
       description: Display controller
       product: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
       vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
       version: c0
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list rom
       configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
       resources: irq:131 memory:b0000000-bfffffff memory:c0000000-c01fffff ioport:3000(size=256) memory:c2300000-c233ffff memory:c2340000-c235ffff

但是，当我运行glxinfo -B或DRI_PRIME=1 glxinfo -B时，输出是

name of display: :0
display: :0  screen: 0
direct rendering: Yes
Extended renderer info (GLX_MESA_query_renderer):
    Vendor: VMware, Inc. (0xffffffff)
    Device: llvmpipe (LLVM 7.0, 256 bits) (0xffffffff)
    Version: 18.3.6
    Accelerated: no
    Video memory: 15817MB
    Unified memory: no
    Preferred profile: core (0x1)
    Max core profile version: 3.3
    Max compat profile version: 3.1
    Max GLES1 profile version: 1.1
    Max GLES[23] profile version: 3.0
OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: llvmpipe (LLVM 7.0, 256 bits)
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 18.3.6
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
 
OpenGL version string: 3.1 Mesa 18.3.6
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.40
OpenGL context flags: (none)
 
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.0 Mesa 18.3.6
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.00

我尝试过运行那些也可以使用gpu的程序，但是它们似乎一直在使用VMWare llvmpipe，radeontop的输出总是显示为0%。怎样才能让我的机器使用amdgpu？

Answer 1

我正在运行Debian 11，并且有同样的问题，所以从Debian 11支持端口升级Mesa不一定能解决这个问题。

在我的例子中，我试图使一个较老的ATi芯片工作，这是Kubuntu18.04正确识别的，但我转向了Debian，因为这台笔记本电脑上的处理器是EOL 32位双核奔腾，Debian仍然支持i386。

问题是，要让radeon驱动程序在集成的Xpress 200 M芯片上工作，必须安装firmware-amd-graphics和firmware-linux-nonfree包。

然而，当安装后，启动后，gdm崩溃，显示可怕的“哎呀，什么东西出了问题”屏幕。

当清除firmware-amd-graphics和firmware-linux-nonfree，然后重建initramfs时，gdm再次为正常的GNOME会话工作，尽管只通过llvmpipe作为视频驱动程序。

因此，固件包发生了一些变化。如果有人想加入，我今天就会报告这个bug，然后再发布链接。