两个linux安装。我想要回原版

Question

我无法安装grub到我原来的kdeneon后，第二个aux Linux安装热情引导。(它喜欢其他设置)。

大多数指令说sudo grub-install /dev/sda，但是，我没有那些驱动器，而且在grub更新之后，它不会回到原来的样子。

我要打什么？

lsblk展示了这一点：

$ lsblk -f
NAME        FSTYPE   LABEL    UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1                                                                           
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat     ESP      7C8F-092C                              23.7M    75% /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p3 ntfs              04106A7F106A7816                                    
├─nvme0n1p4 ntfs     Recovery 44CC9028CC901670                                    
├─nvme0n1p5 ext4              749f67cc-2bca-4a9b-bca0-138ba97b6bc7   52.2G    33% /
├─nvme0n1p6 ext4              fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258                
└─nvme0n1p7 ntfs     Data     7914628E7BB468B5  

  sudo efibootmgr -v
[sudo] password for bhante: 
BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0003,0004,0001,0000,0005,2001,2002,2003
Boot0000* yes   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-26-B7-68-28-F3-73-A5)/HD(1,GPT,82e9aa6b-7b75-49ad-b362-7e51a9085ed9,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\deepin\shimx64.efi)A01 ..
Boot0001* Linpus lite   HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Boot\grubx64.efi)RC
Boot0003* ubuntu        HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0004* Windows Boot Manager  HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}....................
Boot0005* neon  HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\neon\shimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device        RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network   RC

以下是命令的输出：

bhante@subhuntu:~$ sudo grub-install /dev/nvme0n1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
bhante@subhuntu:~$ sudo update-grub
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/99_breeze-grub.cfg'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found theme: /boot/grub/themes/breeze/theme.txt
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-65-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-65-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-64-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-64-generic
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Found KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) on /dev/nvme0n1p6
Warning: Please don't use old title `Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' for GRUB_DEFAULT, use `Advanced options for KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)>Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' (for versions before 2.00) or `gnulinux-advanced-fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258>gnulinux---fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258' (for 2.00 or later)
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-65-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-65-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-64-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-64-generic
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Found KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) on /dev/nvme0n1p6
Warning: Please don't use old title `Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' for GRUB_DEFAULT, use `Advanced options for KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)>Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' (for versions before 2.00) or `gnulinux-advanced-fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258>gnulinux---fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258' (for 2.00 or later)
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-65-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-65-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-64-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-64-generic
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Found KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) on /dev/nvme0n1p6
Warning: Please don't use old title `Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' for GRUB_DEFAULT, use `Advanced options for KDE neon User Edition 5.20 (20.04) (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)>Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)' (for versions before 2.00) or `gnulinux-advanced-fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258>gnulinux---fc432fe9-2f83-4973-8675-e53dd8de2258' (for 2.00 or later)
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings
done

这是cat /etc/ default /grub的输出:所有这些都是在我希望默认的kdeneon的linux引导中完成的。

~$ cat /etc/default/grub           
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT="Neon GNU/Linux (on /dev/nvme0n1p6)"
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="hidden"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="3"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL="console"

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE="640x480"

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID="true"

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="false"
GRUB_THEME="/boot/grub/themes/breeze/theme.txt"

我想让这个在我启动的时候出现。(有两个霓虹灯)。

这里的14/2更新是efibootmgr-v的输出，在尝试了一些suggestions..The之后，奇怪的是，这是在执行命令之后

sudo efibootmgr -d /dev/nvme0n1 -n 5 -o 0005,0003,0004

所以我不知道发生了什么。

bhante@subhuntu:~$ sudo efibootmgr -v
[sudo] password for bhante: 
BootCurrent: 0002
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0002,0003,0004,0005,0001,2001,2002,2003
Boot0000* yes   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-26-B7-68-28-F3-73-A5)/HD(1,GPT,82e9aa6b-7b75-49ad-b362-7e51a9085ed9,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\deepin\shimx64.efi)A01 ..
Boot0001* yes   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-26-B7-68-28-F3-73-A5)/HD(1,GPT,82e9aa6b-7b75-49ad-b362-7e51a9085ed9,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\deepin\shimx64.efi)A01 ..
Boot0002* Linpus lite   HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Boot\grubx64.efi)RC
Boot0003* ubuntu        HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0004* Windows Boot Manager  HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}....................
Boot0005* neon  HD(1,GPT,9a1082c8-b452-4c97-9f3f-3a06ad85773a,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\neon\shimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device        RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network   RC

这与我以前运行的输出相同。

bhante@subhuntu:~$ sudo efibootmgr -d /dev/nvme0n1 -n 5 -o 0005,0003,0004
BootNext: 0005
BootCurrent: 0002
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0005,0003,0004
Boot0000* yes
Boot0001* yes
Boot0002* Linpus lite
Boot0003* ubuntu
Boot0004* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0005* neon
Boot2001* EFI USB Device
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM
Boot2003* EFI Network

Answer 1

您的驱动器是一个NVMe驱动器/dev/nvme0n1。

因此，如果引导到安装，您希望作为默认引导。

sudo grub-install /dev/nvme0n1

另请参阅：

man grub-install

默认值应该可以工作，但是有很多UEFI安装选项。你确实需要正确的静电除尘器安装在你的飞刀。你可以用这个来确认：

cat /etc/fstab

您还可以检查UEFI引导条目。

sudo efibootmgr -v

如果你想收集旧的条目。确保只删除过时的条目。

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1198221/cloning-ssd-also-cloned-boot-options/1198228#1198228

如果无法引导到所需的安装，则通常需要在安装中添加颜色以挂载所需的分区。对于较新的用户，通常更容易使用从现场安装程序启动修复。

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

UEFI Chroot：

http://askubuntu.com/questions/53578/can-i-install-in-uefi-mode-with-the-alternate-installer/57380#57380

要更改引导顺序，请使用efibootmgr及其-o选项。

https://askubuntu.com/questions/485261/change-boot-order-using-efibootmgr

Answer 2

您目前是使用来自Boot0003的Boot0003 efi可执行文件引导的，如果我对您的理解正确，您希望使用Neon (Boot0005)的可执行文件启动？

然后运行：sudo efibootmgr -d /dev/nvme0n1 -n 5选择下一次引导到霓虹灯引导管理器。

目前，在默认情况下，引导顺序将其引导到Ubuntu的grub2 efi可执行文件中。您可以使用-o 0005,0003,0004 (等)更改启动顺序。作为efibootmgr的参数。

grub2-install并不能真正帮助您，您正在阅读的文档可能早于UEFI。您只需要告诉您的固件启动消防条目为适当的系统。