debian中可能丢失固件

Question

我正在使用Debian (Buster)与一个Nvidia GT720显卡和nouveau模块。

在运行apt upgrade之后，我遇到了这个问题

...
Setting up linux-image-4.19.0-11-amd64 (4.19.146-1) ...
I: /vmlinuz.old is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.19.0-10-amd64
I: /initrd.img.old is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-10-amd64
I: /vmlinuz is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.19.0-11-amd64
I: /initrd.img is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-11-amd64
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-11-amd64
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp100/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm206/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm204/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gm200/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp107/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp106/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp104/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp102/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gv100/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/sw_method_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/sw_bundle_init.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/sw_nonctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/sw_ctx.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/gpccs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/gpccs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/fecs_data.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/fecs_inst.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/acr/ucode_load.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/acr/unload_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/gp108/acr/bl.bin for module nouveau
...

这是什么？

Answer 1

首先，确保apt正在安装最新的非免费包，将它们添加到您的sources.list中。在其他地方有很多帖子告诉你如何做到这一点。

这条消息也有类似的问题:当我在我的联想E530笔记本电脑上更新Debian 10时，可能丢失了固件/lib/固件/nvidia/ on 100/acr/ucode_load.bin模块nouveau。我认为在当前的稳定包中缺少一个文件。但是我发现了这个非常有用的页面https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/CodeNames.html，它告诉您哪个软件应用于哪个产品。我相信这告诉我，我的GT630M图形设备需要GF108软件，而GV100软件只适用于NVIDIA泰坦V和NVIDIA GV100的模型。所以我忽略了错误信息。