如何监控特定设备或安装点的读写速度

Question

如何监视Linux中特定设备或挂载点的读写速度，例如挂载到/mnt/data/的D1？

希望以MB/s为例显示速度，并每秒钟更新一次或两次。

Answer 1

iostat是真理的来源，尤其是用例的iostat -md /dev/devicename 1。

-m Display statistics in megabytes per second.

-z Tell iostat to omit output for any devices for which there was no activity during the sample period.

root@kahnbox:/home/kahn$ iostat -md /dev/sda 1
Linux 5.4.17-100.fc30.x86_64 (kahnbox)  31/07/20        _x86_64_        (4 CPU)

Device             tps    MB_read/s    MB_wrtn/s    MB_read    MB_wrtn
sda               4.61         0.00         0.12       2521     152976

Device             tps    MB_read/s    MB_wrtn/s    MB_read    MB_wrtn
sda               3.00         0.00         0.04          0          0

Device             tps    MB_read/s    MB_wrtn/s    MB_read    MB_wrtn
sda               0.00         0.00         0.00          0          0

tps: Indicate the number of transfers per second that were issued to the device. A transfer is an I/O request to the device. Multiple logical requests can be combined into a single I/O request to the device. A transfer is of indeterminate size.

我更喜欢-z标志，因为它会减少聊天。在命令的末尾包含一个1，只要能够提供结果，您就可以每秒钟得到结果。

如果您希望安装此实用程序，则需要获取sysstat包：

root@kahnbox:/home/kahn$ yum whatprovides iostat                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
Last metadata expiration check: 1:32:20 ago on Fri 31 Jul 2020 13:44:22 EDT.
sysstat-11.7.3-3.fc30.x86_64 : Collection of performance monitoring tools for Linux
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/bin/iostat

sysstat-11.7.3-3.fc30.x86_64 : Collection of performance monitoring tools for Linux
Repo        : fedora
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/bin/iostat

Answer 2

我认为iostat是实现这一目的的首选工具。示例：

iostat -d -t -p sdc 1 2

此命令以间隔为1秒，两次打印有关sdc速度的信息。