为什么我不能连接到码头的Postgres？

Question

我使用了码头工从开放式服务项目. ，这两个码头集装箱成功启动。

kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                           COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
10fafbab73dc        openpoiservice_gunicorn_flask   "/ops_venv/bin/gunic…"   23 minutes ago      Up 22 minutes       0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp   openpoiservice_gunicorn_flask_1
a66fe5691455        kartoza/postgis:11.0-2.5        "/bin/sh -c /docker-…"   23 minutes ago      Up 22 minutes       5432/tcp                 openpoiservice_psql_postgis_db_1

但是，当试图检查服务的功能时，它无法连接到数据库。

kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker exec -it 10fafbab73dc /bin/bash
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app# psql -h localhost -U gis_admin-gis
psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
could not connect to server: Cannot assign requested address
    Is the server running on host "localhost" (::1) and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app# 

奇怪，检查一下，以防集装箱网络的类型是桥：

kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker network ls
NETWORK ID          NAME                         DRIVER              SCOPE
81001dac99c0        bridge                       bridge              local
8e65fb4ef6f8        host                         host                local
94ce4e1605ef        none                         null                local
a3f48ac3facc        openpoiservice_default       bridge              local
e3d4286df013        openpoiservice_poi_network   bridge              local

已检查的Postgres启动日志：

kshnkvn@kshnkvn-vb:~$ docker logs a66fe5691455
Add rule to pg_hba: 0.0.0.0/0
Add rule to pg_hba: replication replicator 
Setup master database
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
    Is the server running locally and accepting
    connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
2020-02-08 13:50:20.675 UTC [25] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:20.683 UTC [25] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-02-08 13:50:20.756 UTC [37] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2020-02-08 13:35:17 UTC
2020-02-08 13:50:21.830 UTC [48] postgres@postgres FATAL:  the database system is starting up
psql: FATAL:  the database system is starting up
2020-02-08 13:50:22.726 UTC [37] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG:  redo starts at 0/21CCC50
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/21CCC88: wanted 24, got 0
2020-02-08 13:50:22.730 UTC [37] LOG:  redo done at 0/21CCC50
2020-02-08 13:50:22.867 UTC [25] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
                              List of databases
   Name    |   Owner   | Encoding | Collate |  Ctype  |   Access privileges   
-----------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-----------------------
 gis       | gis_admin | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |           |          |         |         | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |           |          |         |         | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)

postgres ready
Setup postgres User:Password
Creating superuser gis_admin
ALTER ROLE
Creating replication user replicator
ALTER ROLE
gis db already exists
                              List of databases
   Name    |   Owner   | Encoding | Collate |  Ctype  |   Access privileges   
-----------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+-----------------------
 gis       | gis_admin | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |           |          |         |         | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres  | UTF8     | C.UTF-8 | C.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |           |          |         |         | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)

2020-02-08 13:50:24.785 UTC [25] LOG:  received smart shutdown request
2020-02-08 13:50:24.799 UTC [25] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 58) exited with exit code 1
2020-02-08 13:50:24.801 UTC [53] LOG:  shutting down
2020-02-08 13:50:24.838 UTC [25] LOG:  database system is shut down
Postgres initialisation process completed .... restarting in foreground
2020-02-08 13:50:25.842 UTC [148] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:25.842 UTC [148] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-02-08 13:50:25.850 UTC [148] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-02-08 13:50:25.880 UTC [150] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2020-02-08 13:50:24 UTC
2020-02-08 13:50:25.887 UTC [148] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

看起来Postgres是从IP地址启动的，几乎是0.0.0.0。

我查看了Docker ip addr show命令使用的IP。试图使用这个IP重新连接：

psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
    Is the server running on host "172.17.0.1" and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
root@10fafbab73dc:/deploy/app# psql -h 172.17.255.255 -U gis_admin-gis
psql: could not connect to server: Connection timed out
    Is the server running on host "172.17.255.255" and accepting
    TCP/IP connections on port 5432?

我能做什么来连接脚本到数据库呢？

Answer 1

TLDR;

psql -h psql_postgis_db -U gis_admin gis
# or
psql -h psql_postgis_db gis gis_admin

服务器地址

问题

你正在尝试的所有IP实际上都是正确的。

• 127.0.0.1是本地主机地址。因为您从您的烧瓶容器中启动了命令，所以没有posgres服务在那里运行。
• 172.17.0.1是码头桥的ip。这实际上是您的码头引擎主机的ip，正如您在同一桥上的容器所看到的那样。除非您的计算机上运行了postgres并侦听该ip，否则您将得不到答案(而且这也不是正确的postgres服务器)
• 172.17.255.255是前一桥接网络的网络广播地址。

从您的开始日志中，我们可以看到您的postgres应该正确地侦听。0.0.0.0实际上不是一个真正的ip:它代表“在此主机上配置的任何ip”。

您可以查找postgres容器的ip来联系它(例如，请参阅这个答案是这样的)，但您甚至不必联系它。docker/docker-compose通过将同一网络上的容器/服务名称自动映射到各自的IP上，使您更容易做到这一点。因此，可以使用服务名psql_postgis_db访问db服务器。

问题与用户和数据库名称

我并不真正理解您在-U选项中所写的内容到psql命令(用户+ db名称的组合.)。无论如何，它应该是您想要连接到postgres服务器的用户名。在您的撰写文件中，它是gis_admin。由于没有与用户同名的db，所以需要指定要连接到的db名称。您可以使用-U选项(psql -U )或使用位置参数(psql )。

Answer 2

只需将端口参数添加到docker-compose.yml。

示例：

# Use postgres/example user/password credentials
version: '3.1'

services:

  db:
    image: postgres
    restart: always
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: root
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: example
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"