引导失败-在RAID 1 (CentOS 7)上扩展LVM ("root"，"/")

Question

问题：

在使用另一个RAID 1在RAID 1上扩展卷组(VG)后，CentOS 7不会启动。我们使用的过程在过程中演示:扩展LVM (“根”、"/")到RAID 1。在我们演示的过程中有什么错误和/或遗漏？

上下文：

我们试图使用另外两个RAID 1(软件)磁盘将卷组(VG)扩展到两个RAID 1(软件)磁盘上。

问题：

CentOS 7在扩展VG (卷组)后不会启动。

PROCEDURE:将LVM ("root“、"/")扩展到RAID 1

• 格式化硬盘

运行以下两个命令在两个添加的硬盘上创建新的MBR分区表.

parted /dev/sdc mklabel msdos
parted /dev/sdd mklabel msdos

重新装上“飞刀”。

mount -a

使用fdisk命令在每个驱动器上创建一个新分区，并将其格式化为Linux自动检测文件系统。首先在/dev/sdc上执行此操作。

fdisk /dev/sdc

按照这些指示..。

• 键入"n“以创建新分区；
• 键入"p“以选择主分区；
• 键入"1“以创建/dev/sdb1 1；
• 按Enter键选择默认的第一扇区；
• 按Enter键选择默认的最后一个扇区。这个分区将跨越整个驱动器；
• 输入"t“并输入"fd”将分区类型设置为Linux自动检测；
• 输入"w“以应用上述更改。

注意：按照相同的指令在"/dev/sdd“上创建一个Linux自动检测分区。

现在我们有两个raid设备“/dev/sdc1 1”和"/dev/sdd1“。

• 创建RAID 1逻辑驱动器

执行以下命令以创建RAID 1.

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm --create /dev/md125 --homehost=localhost --name=pv01 --level=mirror --bitmap=internal --consistency-policy=bitmap --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
    may not be suitable as a boot device.  If you plan to
    store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
    your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
    --metadata=0.90
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md125 started.

增加逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/md125
  Physical volume "/dev/md125" successfully created.

我们扩展了"centosvg“卷组，方法是添加物理卷”/dev/ of 125“("RAID 1")，该卷使用前面的"pvcreate”命令创建.

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend centosvg /dev/md125
  Volume group "centosvg" successfully extended

使用"lvextend“命令增加逻辑卷-将接受原始的逻辑卷并将其扩展到新的磁盘/分区/物理("RAID 1")卷”/dev/ of 125“.

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend /dev/centosvg/root /dev/md125
  Size of logical volume centosvg/root changed from 4.95 GiB (1268 extents) to <12.95 GiB (3314 extents).
  Logical volume centosvg/root successfully resized.

使用"xfs_growfs“命令调整文件系统的大小，以便利用这个空间.

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centosvg/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centosvg-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=324608 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1298432, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 1298432 to 3393536

• 保存我们的RAID1配置

此命令更新引导内核配置以匹配系统的当前状态.

mdadm --detail --scan > /tmp/mdadm.conf
\cp -v /tmp/mdadm.conf /etc/mdadm.conf

更新GRUB配置，使其了解新设备.

grub2-mkconfig -o "$(readlink -e /etc/grub2.cfg)"

在运行上述命令之后，您应该运行以下命令来生成一个新的"initramfs“映像.

dracut -fv

错误：

基础设施/其他信息：

伊萨克

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME                MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sda                   8:0    0    8G  0 disk  
├─sda1                8:1    0    1G  0 part  
│ └─md127             9:127  0 1023M  0 raid1 /boot
└─sda2                8:2    0    7G  0 part  
  └─md126             9:126  0    7G  0 raid1 
    ├─centosvg-root 253:0    0    5G  0 lvm   /
    └─centosvg-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm   [SWAP]
sdb                   8:16   0    8G  0 disk  
├─sdb1                8:17   0    1G  0 part  
│ └─md127             9:127  0 1023M  0 raid1 /boot
└─sdb2                8:18   0    7G  0 part  
  └─md126             9:126  0    7G  0 raid1 
    ├─centosvg-root 253:0    0    5G  0 lvm   /
    └─centosvg-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm   [SWAP]
sdc                   8:32   0    8G  0 disk  
sdd                   8:48   0    8G  0 disk  
sr0                  11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

mdadm -检查/dev/sdc /dev/sdd

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
/dev/sdc:
   MBR Magic : aa55
Partition[0] :     16775168 sectors at         2048 (type fd)
/dev/sdd:
   MBR Magic : aa55
Partition[0] :     16775168 sectors at         2048 (type fd)

mdadm -检查/dev/sdc1 1 /dev/sdd1

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm --examine /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
/dev/sdc1:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x1
     Array UUID : 51a622a9:666c7936:1bf1db43:8029ab06
           Name : localhost:pv01
  Creation Time : Tue Jan  7 13:42:20 2020
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 16764928 sectors (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
     Array Size : 8382464 KiB (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
    Data Offset : 10240 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
   Unused Space : before=10160 sectors, after=0 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : f95b50e3:eed41b52:947ddbb4:b42a40d6

Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
    Update Time : Tue Jan  7 13:43:15 2020
  Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
       Checksum : 9d4c040c - correct
         Events : 25


   Device Role : Active device 0
   Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd1:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x1
     Array UUID : 51a622a9:666c7936:1bf1db43:8029ab06
           Name : localhost:pv01
  Creation Time : Tue Jan  7 13:42:20 2020
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 16764928 sectors (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
     Array Size : 8382464 KiB (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
    Data Offset : 10240 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
   Unused Space : before=10160 sectors, after=0 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : bcb18234:aab93a6c:80384b09:c547fdb9

Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
    Update Time : Tue Jan  7 13:43:15 2020
  Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors
       Checksum : 40ca1688 - correct
         Events : 25


   Device Role : Active device 1
   Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)

cat /proc/mdstat

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] 
md125 : active raid1 sdd1[1] sdc1[0]
      8382464 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

md126 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
      7332864 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

md127 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
      1047552 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

unused devices: 

mdadm --详细/dev/md125 125

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md125
/dev/md125:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Jan  7 13:42:20 2020
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 8382464 (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 8382464 (7.99 GiB 8.58 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

     Intent Bitmap : Internal

       Update Time : Tue Jan  7 13:43:15 2020
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : bitmap

              Name : localhost:pv01
              UUID : 51a622a9:666c7936:1bf1db43:8029ab06
            Events : 25

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       33        0      active sync   /dev/sdc1
       1       8       49        1      active sync   /dev/sdd1

fdisk -l

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000f2ab2

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2101247     1049600   fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2         2101248    16777215     7337984   fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002519d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *        2048     2101247     1049600   fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2         2101248    16777215     7337984   fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/sdc: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0007bd31

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1            2048    16777215     8387584   fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/sdd: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00086fef

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdd1            2048    16777215     8387584   fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/md127: 1072 MB, 1072693248 bytes, 2095104 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/md126: 7508 MB, 7508852736 bytes, 14665728 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centosvg-root: 5318 MB, 5318377472 bytes, 10387456 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centosvg-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/md125: 8583 MB, 8583643136 bytes, 16764928 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

df -h

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                   484M     0  484M   0% /dev
tmpfs                      496M     0  496M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      496M  6.8M  489M   2% /run
tmpfs                      496M     0  496M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centosvg-root  5.0G  1.4G  3.7G  27% /
/dev/md127                1020M  164M  857M  17% /boot
tmpfs                      100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/0

vgdisplay

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centosvg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               6.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              1790
  Alloc PE / Size       1780 / 6.95 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10 / 40.00 MiB
  VG UUID               6mKxWb-KOIe-fW1h-zukQ-f7aJ-vxD5-hKAaZG

pvscan扫描

[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/md126   VG centosvg        lvm2 [6.99 GiB / 40.00 MiB free]
  PV /dev/md125   VG centosvg        lvm2 [7.99 GiB / 7.99 GiB free]
  Total: 2 [14.98 GiB] / in use: 2 [14.98 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

列维显示

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centosvg/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centosvg
  LV UUID                o5G6gj-1duf-xIRL-JHoO-ux2f-6oQ8-LIhdtA
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2020-01-06 13:22:08 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centosvg/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centosvg
  LV UUID                GTbGaF-Wh4J-1zL3-H7r8-p5YZ-kn9F-ayrX8U
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2020-01-06 13:22:09 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                4.95 GiB
  Current LE             1268
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

cat /run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt

谢谢！=D

[参考文献： https://4fasters.com.br/2017/11/12/lpic-2-o-que-e-e-para-que-serve-o-dracut/，https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/152249/61742，https://www.howtoforge.com/set-up-raid1-on-a-running-lvm-system-debian-etch-p2，https://www.howtoforge.com/setting-up-lvm-on-top-of-software-raid1-rhel-fedora，https://www.linuxbabe.com/linux-server/linux-software-raid-1-setup，https://www.rootusers.com/how-to-increase-the-size-of-a-linux-lvm-by-adding-a-new-disk/ ]

Answer 1