找不到单元jenkins.service

Question

我正试图在Centos 7机器上启动Jenkins。我正在尝试将Jenkins文件夹从另一台机器复制到这台机器，并在这里启动它，而不是下载。我将整个Jenkins文件复制到新机器中的/var/lib/jenkins文件夹中。我运行以下命令：

java -jar jenkins.war

我得到以下日志：

Running from: /var/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war
webroot: $user.home/.jenkins
2019-12-23 19:50:24.875+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @510ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2019-12-23 19:50:25.019+0000 [id=1]     INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2019-12-23 19:50:26.607+0000 [id=1]     WARNING o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2019-12-23 19:50:26.676+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.z-SNAPSHOT; built: 2019-05-02T00:04:53.875Z; git: e1bc35120a6617ee3df052294e433f3a25ce7097; jvm 1.8.0_232-b09
2019-12-23 19:50:27.038+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2019-12-23 19:50:27.111+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2019-12-23 19:50:27.111+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2019-12-23 19:50:27.116+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
Jenkins home directory: /root/.jenkins found at: $user.home/.jenkins
2019-12-23 19:50:27.795+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@782a4fff{Jenkins v2.190.1,/,file:///root/.jenkins/war/,AVAILABLE}{/root/.jenkins/war}
2019-12-23 19:50:27.818+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@1040be71{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2019-12-23 19:50:27.818+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @3454ms
2019-12-23 19:50:27.819+0000 [id=21]    INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine v4.0 running: controlPort=disabled
2019-12-23 19:50:29.635+0000 [id=28]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2019-12-23 19:50:29.674+0000 [id=28]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2019-12-23 19:50:31.654+0000 [id=29]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2019-12-23 19:50:31.666+0000 [id=29]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2019-12-23 19:50:31.684+0000 [id=29]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2019-12-23 19:50:32.651+0000 [id=31]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2019-12-23 19:50:32.691+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1#run: Started Download metadata
2019-12-23 19:50:32.708+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2019-12-23 19:50:33.763+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@3a900fc3: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Mon Dec 23 14:50:33 EST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-12-23 19:50:33.764+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@3a900fc3]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@44b26de3
2019-12-23 19:50:33.777+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@44b26de3: defining beans [authenticationManager]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-12-23 19:50:33.986+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@16d60366: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Mon Dec 23 14:50:33 EST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-12-23 19:50:33.987+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@16d60366]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@53d5b029
2019-12-23 19:50:33.987+0000 [id=32]    INFO    o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@53d5b029: defining beans [filter,legacy]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-12-23 19:50:34.237+0000 [id=32]    INFO    jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init:

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:



This may also be found at: /root/.jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

2019-12-23 19:50:53.162+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: The attempt #1 to do the action check updates server failed with an allowed exception:
java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:607)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(SSLSocketImpl.java:666)
        at sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:175)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:463)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:558)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.(HttpsClient.java:264)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:367)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:191)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(HttpURLConnection.java:1162)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:1056)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:177)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1570)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1498)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:268)
        at hudson.model.DownloadService.loadJSON(DownloadService.java:167)
        at hudson.model.UpdateSite.updateDirectlyNow(UpdateSite.java:189)
        at hudson.PluginManager.checkUpdatesServer(PluginManager.java:1762)
        at hudson.util.Retrier.start(Retrier.java:62)
        at hudson.PluginManager.doCheckUpdatesServer(PluginManager.java:1733)
        at jenkins.model.DownloadSettings$DailyCheck.execute(DownloadSettings.java:130)
        at hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1.run(AsyncPeriodicWork.java:101)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
2019-12-23 19:50:53.163+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: Calling the listener of the allowed exception 'connect timed out' at the attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2019-12-23 19:50:53.165+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempted the action check updates server for 1 time(s) with no success
2019-12-23 19:50:53.166+0000 [id=46]    SEVERE  hudson.PluginManager#doCheckUpdatesServer: Error checking update sites for 1 attempt(s). Last exception was: SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
2019-12-23 19:50:53.170+0000 [id=46]    INFO    hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1#run: Finished Download metadata. 20,477 ms
2019-12-23 19:50:54.258+0000 [id=32]    WARNING hudson.model.UpdateCenter#updateDefaultSite: Upgrading Jenkins. Failed to update the default Update Site 'default'. Plugin upgrades may fail.
java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:607)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(SSLSocketImpl.java:666)
        at sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:175)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:463)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:558)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.(HttpsClient.java:264)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:367)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:191)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(HttpURLConnection.java:1162)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:1056)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:177)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1570)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1498)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:268)
        at hudson.model.DownloadService.loadJSON(DownloadService.java:167)
        at hudson.model.UpdateSite.updateDirectlyNow(UpdateSite.java:189)
        at hudson.model.UpdateCenter.updateDefaultSite(UpdateCenter.java:2456)
        at jenkins.install.SetupWizard.init(SetupWizard.java:168)
        at jenkins.install.InstallState$InitialSecuritySetup.initializeState(InstallState.java:166)
        at jenkins.model.Jenkins.setInstallState(Jenkins.java:1089)
        at jenkins.install.InstallUtil.proceedToNextStateFrom(InstallUtil.java:96)
        at jenkins.install.InstallState$Unknown.initializeState(InstallState.java:84)
        at jenkins.model.Jenkins$16.run(Jenkins.java:3277)
        at org.jvnet.hudson.reactor.TaskGraphBuilder$TaskImpl.run(TaskGraphBuilder.java:169)
        at org.jvnet.hudson.reactor.Reactor.runTask(Reactor.java:296)
        at jenkins.model.Jenkins$5.runTask(Jenkins.java:1118)
        at org.jvnet.hudson.reactor.Reactor$2.run(Reactor.java:214)
        at org.jvnet.hudson.reactor.Reactor$Node.run(Reactor.java:117)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
2019-12-23 19:50:54.273+0000 [id=32]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Completed initialization
2019-12-23 19:50:54.302+0000 [id=20]    INFO    hudson.WebAppMain$3#run: Jenkins is fully up and running

日志上清楚地显示詹金斯已经开始工作了。但是，当我试图检查状态，sudo service jenkins status时，我会得到以下错误：

Unit jenkins.service could not be found.

我不知道我错过了什么

Answer 1

在AWS ec2实例上安装Jenkins时，也遇到了同样的问题。下面的命令对我有效。

1. sudo amazon-linux-extras install epel -y
2. sudo yum update -y
3. sudo yum install jenkins java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

Answer 2

有几件事我想在这个答案中提一下，我认为可以对你有所帮助：

( 1)发布

你提到的问题：

Unit jenkins.service could not be found.

之所以发生这种情况，是因为当您运行war文件时，没有创建单元文件。

如果在前一台机器中使用默认安装(在这里定义为：https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/)，您将在/etc/init.d/jenkins找到单元文件。我不太确定是否只将文件复制到新机器上就能解决所有问题。

( 2) CentOS 7和Systemd

CentOS 7使用SystemD单元文件而不是SysV init脚本，如果您查看/etc/init.d/README，您可以获得更多关于CentOS如何管理放置在这个目录中的init文件的详细信息。

..。传统的init脚本继续在systemd系统上工作。在系统初始化期间，init脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/foobar被隐式映射到服务单元foobar.service。

可能在将来，init文件将被转换为本机systemd单元文件，并将放置在/etc/systemd/system目录中。

( 3)我的建议

我建议您安装RPM软件包或使用坞映像(我喜欢的映像)。所有细节载于正式文件：

https://jenkins.io/doc/book/installing/

请告诉我这是否有帮助。

Answer 3

它说没有找到这个单位，因为Jenkins包没有正确设置。以下命令将解决您的问题。

$ sudo yum update –y
$ sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo http://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.repo
$ sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key
$ sudo yum install jenkins -y