关于安装Git的问题

Question

我在使用sudo apt install git的Ubuntu16.04.2上工作。我得到了以下错误：

$ sudo apt install git
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  snap-confine snapd-login-service
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  git-man liberror-perl
Suggested packages:
  git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-gui gitk gitweb git-arch git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  git git-man liberror-perl
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 55 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,932 kB of archives.
After this operation, 25,6 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 [19.6 kB]
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6 [736 kB]
Ign:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6 [3,176 kB]
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 [19.6 kB]
Err:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
  502  Invalid headers in response [IP: 103.123.234.254 80]
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 [19.6 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6 [3,176 kB]
Ign:1 http:/in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2
Ign:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 [19.6 kB]
Err:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2
  Undertermined Error [IP: 103.123.234.254 80]
Ign:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6 [3,176 kB]
Err:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
  Connection failed [IP: 103.123.234.254 80]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6 [3,176 kB]
Err:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6
  Error reading from server. Remote end closed connection [IP: 91.189.91.23 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libe/liberror-perl/liberror-perl_0.17-1.2_all.deb  Undetermined Error [IP: 103.123.234.254 80]

E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/git/git-man_2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6_all.deb  Connection failed [IP: 103.123.234.254 80]


E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/git/git_2.7.4-0ubuntu1.6_amd64.deb  Error reading from server. Remote end closed connection [IP: 91.189.91.23 80]

Answer 1

前三个apt错误都发生在IP地址103.123.234.254，端口80。

在连接到in.archive.ubuntu.com和security.ubuntu.com时都使用了这个地址，而且该IP的DNS反向查找声称它是anycast.estointernet.in而不是任何东西，这表明这可能是一个内容传递网络或您的互联网服务提供商的某种安排。

$ dig +short -x 103.123.234.254
anycast.estointernet.in.

第四个错误引用security.ubuntu.com的IP地址91.189.91.23。

$ dig +short -x 91.189.91.23
economy.canonical.com.

$ dig +short security.ubuntu.com
91.189.91.26
91.189.91.23    <-- note: here it is!
91.189.88.149
91.189.88.31
91.189.88.24
91.189.88.162

看起来像Canonical (构建Ubuntu的公司)在security.ubuntu.com上有多个服务器。正如预期的那样，因为它的流量可能是巨大的。除了“伞式”security.ubuntu.com之外，这些服务器都有一个“正确的名称”，您的连接恰好结束于名为economy.canonical.com的服务器。但看来这种联系是因为某种原因而失败的。

我不太喜欢estointernet.in (我认为你的ISP )似乎在security.ubuntu.com前面添加了另一层反向代理/缓存/CDN技术:如果这种技术不能很好地工作，它可能会延迟重要安全补丁的可用性。但也许这是他们处理security.ubuntu.com流量的唯一方法。

概括地说：estointernet.in似乎将某种缓存/代理/CDN技术应用于连接到Ubuntu的存储库服务器的连接，而在连接时，该技术似乎工作得不太好，回到直接连接的过程也失败了，可能是因为您和security.ubuntu.com之间的某个拥挤的网络。

您的选项可能仅限于将问题报告给您的internet连接提供程序和/或等待它们修复，或者尝试其他网络连接提供程序。