按结构过滤标签搜索

Question

我启用了multiarch，当我运行debtags search时，会得到很多重复的结果。

$ debtags search 'works-with-format::man' | head
docbook-to-man - converter from DocBook SGML into roff man macros
docbook-to-man:i386 - converter from DocBook SGML into roff man macros
docbook-utils - Convert DocBook files to other formats (HTML, RTF, PS, man, PDF)
docbook2x - Converts DocBook/XML documents into man pages and TeXinfo
docbook2x:i386 - Converts DocBook/XML documents into man pages and TeXinfo
doclifter - Convert troff to DocBook
dwww - Read all on-line documentation with a WWW browser
dwww:i386 - Read all on-line documentation with a WWW browser
ebook-speaker - eBook reader that reads aloud in a synthetic voice
ebook-speaker:i386 - eBook reader that reads aloud in a synthetic voice

使用grep有一个解决办法：

$ debtags search 'works-with-format::man' | grep -v ':i386 - ' | head
docbook-to-man - converter from DocBook SGML into roff man macros
docbook-utils - Convert DocBook files to other formats (HTML, RTF, PS, man, PDF)
docbook2x - Converts DocBook/XML documents into man pages and TeXinfo
doclifter - Convert troff to DocBook
dwww - Read all on-line documentation with a WWW browser
ebook-speaker - eBook reader that reads aloud in a synthetic voice
git-man - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system (manual pages)
gman - small man(1) front-end for X
gmanedit - GTK+ man pages editor
gnulib - GNU Portability Library

这假设字符串:i386 -不会出现在任何包描述中，这有点麻烦。有更好的办法吗？

Answer 1

debtags search 'works-with-format::man' | awk 'BEGIN { FS="[: ]" }  ! ($1 in seen) { print; seen[$1]=1 }'

这将记住已看到的包(在seen数组的索引中)，而不考虑体系结构(因此使用空格和:作为分隔符)，如果已经看到，则不再打印它们。因此，它还将显示一个只存在于i386中而不存在于默认(amd64)体系结构中的包(例如:带有hardware::emulation标记的zsnes:i386不存在于zsnes (即zsnes:amd64)中)。因为没有显式架构的包是第一位的(在标签预置算法中.)，除非需要，没有必要担心显示额外的:i386。

更新:如您所愿，独立脚本文件中相同的awk脚本放在/usr/local/bin/debtagsfilter中，其中包含此内容。

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
BEGIN           {
                        FS="[: ]"
                }
! ($1 in seen)  {
                        print
                        seen[$1]=1
                }

并使可执行文件使用(chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/filterdebtags)，例如：debtags search 'works-with-format::man' | filterdebtags

或者，如果倾向于使用名为/usr/local/bin/debtagswithfilter的“新”版本的标签(因此回到sh作为调用的脚本语言)：

#!/bin/sh
debtags "$@" | awk '
BEGIN           {
                        FS="[: ]"
                }
! ($1 in seen)  {
                        print
                        seen[$1]=1
                }
'

比较(我得到了普通的双倍，可能是因为有多个存储源)：

$ debtags search 'hardware::emulation'

xtrs - emulator for TRS-80 Model I/III/4/4P computers
xtrs:i386 - emulator for TRS-80 Model I/III/4/4P computers
yabause - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator
yabause - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator
yabause-gtk - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Gtk port
yabause-gtk - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Gtk port
yabause-gtk:i386 - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Gtk port
yabause-gtk:i386 - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Gtk port
yabause-qt - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Qt port
yabause-qt - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Qt port
yabause-qt:i386 - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Qt port
yabause-qt:i386 - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Qt port
zsnes:i386 - Emulator of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System

通过以下方式：

$ debtagswithfilter search 'hardware::emulation'

xtrs - emulator for TRS-80 Model I/III/4/4P computers
yabause - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator
yabause-gtk - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Gtk port
yabause-qt - beautiful and under-rated Saturn emulator - Qt port
zsnes:i386 - Emulator of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System

它也适用于更复杂的搜索请求：

$ debtagswithfilter search 'works-with-format::tex && interface::text-mode'
asymptote - script-based vector graphics language inspired by MetaPost
auctex - integrated document editing environment for TeX etc.
axiom-tex - General purpose computer algebra system: style file for TeX
bibcursed - Interactive program to edit BibTeX bibliographies
chktex - Finds typographic errors in LaTeX
fweb - literate-programming tool for C/C++/Fortran/Ratfor
groff - GNU troff text-formatting system
vim-latexsuite - view, edit and compile LaTeX documents from within Vim
yatex - Yet Another TeX mode for Emacs