如何使DNSMasq向没有域的Windows主机提供DNS服务？

Question

我安装了一个DNSMasq的Ubuntu16.04主机(10.0.10.2)，它只为DNS服务，在同一个子网上安装了几个Windows主机，在同一个子网上安装了另外几个Linux主机。我的默认网关是为DNS服务器分发DHCP和10.0.10.2。

Windows框没有定义DNS搜索后缀或域，但我希望它们能够解析我在DNSMasq服务器上的/etc/host中定义的主机，而不必指定域或搜索后缀，但事实证明这是很困难的。Wireshark认为，在执行ping或尝试导航到Linux主机上的web服务时，Windows主机总是希望附加.local。

我的/etc/host文件如下：

127.0.0.1 localhost
10.0.10.2 box-linux-0 box-linux-0.local
10.0.10.3 box-linux-1 box-linux-1.local
10.0.10.3 box-linux-2 box-linux-2.local
10.0.10.7 box-windows-0 box-windows-0.local
10.0.10.5 box-windows-1 box-windows-1.local

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

我的DNSMasq配置是：

strict-order
port=53
resolv-file=/etc/resolv.conf
log-queries
log-facility=/var/log/dnsmasq.log

我的resolv.conf是：

nameserver 127.0.0.1
nameserver 8.8.8.8

是否有什么东西让Windows主机能够解析box 0，box 1，box 2？

Answer 1

您的resolv.conf不应该有外部DNS服务器，以确保dnsmasq正在解析所有DNS请求。改为：

nameserver 127.0.0.1

要允许解析外部DNS名称，请使用dnsmasq作为全局DNS服务器，方法是告诉它使用某些外部DNS服务器。添加到DNSmasq配置文件：

-服务器直接指定上游服务器的IP地址。

server=8.8.8.8

要使dnsmasq仅解析实际可能是全局dns名称的名称，请添加到DNSmasq配置文件中：

# Never forward plain names (without a dot or domain part)
domain-needed
# Never forward addresses in the non-routed address spaces.
bogus-priv

为了确保本地名称由/etc/host解析，添加到DNSmasq文件中：

# Add local-only domains here, queries in these domains are answered
# from /etc/hosts or DHCP only.
local=/local./

您可以尝试此选项(可能有用与否)：

# Set this (and domain: see below) if you want to have a domain
# automatically added to simple names in a hosts-file.
expand-hosts

# Set the domain for dnsmasq. this is optional, but if it is set, it
# does the following things.
# 1) Allows DHCP hosts to have fully qualified domain names, as long
#     as the domain part matches this setting.
# 2) Sets the "domain" DHCP option thereby potentially setting the
#    domain of all systems configured by DHCP
# 3) Provides the domain part for "expand-hosts"
domain=local