cron脚本找不到logwatch和chkrootkit

Question

我有一个问题，可能与PATH变量有关。

这是我收到的一封关于运行在cron中的脚本的错误邮件：

Cron Daemon 

    05:08 (15 hours ago)

    to root, bcc: me
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
    tar: Fjerner indledende '/' fra medlemsnavne
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
    /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 16: chkrootkit: command not found
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
    /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 21: logwatch: command not found
    /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 22: logwatch: command not found
    /home/uesr/bin/checkSystem: linje 23: logwatch: command not found
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
    mail: Null message body; hope that's ok

我只是将脚本的所有者从用户更改为root

$ls -sail /home/user/bin/checkSystem 
541784 4 -rwxr-x--- 1 root root 1235 aug 23 14:05 /home/user/bin/checkSystem

crontab -e

 1 # Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
 2 #
 3 # Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
 4 # indicating with different fields when the task will be run
 5 # and what command to run for the task
 6 #
 7 # To define the time you can provide concrete values for
 8 # minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
 9 # and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
10 # Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
11 # daemon's notion of time and timezones.
12 #
13 # Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
14 # email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
15 #
16 # For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
17 # at 5 a.m every week with:
18 # 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
19 #
20 # For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
21 #
22 # m h  dom mon dow   command
23 0 5 * * 1 /home/user/bin/checkSystem

下面是脚本：

#!/bin/bash
 2 date=`date +%d-%m-%y`
 3 mail="mail.org"
 4
 5 ## rkhunter
 6 #rkhunter --update
 7 rkhunter --checkall --cronjob --report-warnings-only > rkhunter-check-$date.log
 8 mail -A rkhunter-check-$date.log -s "rkhunter-check" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
 9 rm rkhunter-check-$date.log
10 tar -cf rkhunter-log-$date.tar /var/log/rkhunter.log
11 gzip rkhunter-log-$date.tar
12 mail -A rkhunter-log-$date.tar.gz -s "rkhunter-log" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
13 rm rkhunter-log*.tar.gz
14
15 ## chkrootkit
16 chkrootkit > chkrootkit-$date.log
17 mail -A chkrootkit-$date.log -s "chkrootkit" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
18 rm chkrootkit-$date.log
19
20 ## logwatch
21 logwatch --output html --detail High --range All > logwatch-all-$date.html
22 logwatch --output html --detail High --range Today > logwatch-today-$date.html
23 logwatch --output html --detail High --range Yesterday > logwatch-yesterday-$date.html
24 mail -A logwatch-all-$date.html -s "logwatch all" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
25 mail -A logwatch-today-$date.html -s "logwatch today" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
26 mail -A logwatch-yesterday-$date.html -s "logwatch yesterday" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
27 rm -f logwatch-*.html
28
29 ## testing command
30 #echo "Just testing my sendmail gmail relay" | mail -s "Sendmail gmail Relay" mail.org

怎么回事？

编辑：

(root@host)-(20:39:01)-(/home/user)
$which logwatch
/usr/sbin/logwatch
(root@host)-(20:39:06)-(/home/user)
$which chkrootkit
/usr/sbin/chkrootkit
(root@host)-(20:39:16)-(/home/user)
$which rkhunter
/usr/bin/rkhunter
(root@host)-(20:39:22)-(/home/user)
$

Answer 1

当运行cron作业时，无法找到“logwatch”。由于安装了logwatch，这可能意味着它在路径中丢失了。您可以通过将'/usr/sbin‘添加到/etc/crontab文件中的路径来解决这个问题。

如果您没有编辑/etc/crontab的权限，则另一种解决方法是直接在脚本中使用可执行文件的完整路径。