未满足的依赖关系: libjpeg8 (>= 8c)，但在安装R时不能安装

Question

当我试图在Debian 9(拉伸)上安装R时，我得到了未满足的依赖关系。具体而言，运行：

$ sudo apt-get install r-base-core

结果：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
r-base-core : Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but it is not installable
           Recommends: r-recommended but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: r-base-dev but it is not going to be installed
           Recommends: r-doc-html but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

有人能帮忙吗？我在谷歌上搜索过这个问题，但找不出任何解决办法。

谢谢

编辑：apt policy的输出是：

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
 release a=now
 500 http://repository.spotify.com stable/non-free i386 Packages
 release v=0.4,o=Spotify LTD,a=stable,n=stable,l=Spotify Public                    
 Repository,c=non-free,b=i386
 origin repository.spotify.com
 500 http://repository.spotify.com stable/non-free amd64 Packages
 release v=0.4,o=Spotify LTD,a=stable,n=stable,l=Spotify Public                                                   
 Repository,c=non-free,b=amd64
 origin repository.spotify.com
 500 https://repo.skype.com/deb stable/main amd64 Packages
 release o=. stable,a=stable,n=stable,l=. stable,c=main,b=amd64
 origin repo.skype.com
 500 https://desktop-download.mendeley.com/download/apt stable/main i386    

 Packages
 release n=stable,c=main,b=i386
 origin desktop-download.mendeley.com
 500 https://desktop-download.mendeley.com/download/apt stable/main amd64 

 Packages
 release n=stable,c=main,b=amd64
 origin desktop-download.mendeley.com
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder/ubuntu
 bionic/main i386 Packages
 release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-maarten-baert-      simplescreenrecorder,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=SimpleScreenRecorder,c=main,b=i386
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
 release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-maarten-baert-simplescreenrecorder,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=SimpleScreenRecorder,c=main,b=amd64
 origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main i386 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=main,b=i386
 origin deb.debian.org
  500 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
 origin deb.debian.org
  500 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/debian stretch/main i386 Packages
 release v=9.0,o=dl.winehq.org,a=stable,n=stretch,l=winehq,c=main,b=i386
 origin dl.winehq.org
  500 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
 release v=9.0,o=dl.winehq.org,a=stable,n=stretch,l=winehq,c=main,b=amd64
 origin dl.winehq.org
 500 http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/debian stretch-cran34/ Packages
 release o=CRAN,a=stretch-cran34,n=stretch-cran34,l=CRAN Backports,c=
 origin cran.rstudio.com
 500 http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu trusty/ Packages
 release v=14.04,o=CRAN,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=CRAN,c=
 origin cran.rstudio.com
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian jessie/main i386 Packages
 release v=8.10,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=jessie,l=Debian,c=main,b=i386
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian jessie/main amd64 Packages
 release v=8.10,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=jessie,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main i386 Packages
 release o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=stretch-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=i386
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 Packages
 release o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=stretch-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/contrib i386 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=i386
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/contrib amd64 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/non-free i386 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=i386
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/non-free amd64 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/main i386 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=main,b=i386
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
 release v=9.4,o=Debian,a=stable,n=stretch,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
 origin ftp.uk.debian.org
 Pinned packages:

Answer 1

未满足的依赖可能来自于您的存储库引用的混合版本，特别是Ubuntu14.04目标的CRAN存储库。您应该删除(或用#注释掉) /etc/apt/sources.list中的以下条目和/etc/apt/sources.list.d中的任何文件：

• http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu trusty/；
• 引用ftp.uk.debian.org的所有jessie条目。

一旦您这样做了，运行apt update，然后再次运行apt install r-base-core，就不会因为缺少libjpeg8而失败。

Answer 2

要安装libjpeg8-dev，请使用以下命令: sudo安装智能sudo智能安装libjpeg-dev，然后您可能需要选择"no“、"yes”、"yes“。请参阅我的详细说明：如何安装/升级到Poppler/的最新版本pdftoppm(撰写本文时版本22.11.0 )在Linux Ubuntu上

见我的答案：https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/723619/114401