在OracleLinux7.5上编辑sysctl.conf

Question

我将在oracle Linux7.5上安装oracle数据库12c。在此过程中，我必须编辑以下内核参数并设置值。

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

文档中说我应该编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件。当我运行cat /etc/sysctl.conf读取当前内容时，它会显示以下消息。

# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.    
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5)

当我试图在vi中与根用户编辑时，它说sysctl.conf是只读的。即使我用'!‘覆盖，更改也不会应用和修改参数。

Answer 1

对文件/etc/sysctl.conf的编辑通常只会在重新启动时影响系统，除非手动运行：

sudo sysctl -p

如果要在运行时设置特定的内核变量，请执行以下操作：

sudo sysctl -w kernel.shmmni=4096

如果要查看所有内核变量，请执行以下操作：

sysctl -a