在postgres 12上遇到安装问题

Question

我安装了postgres-12，但是报告了这个错误，我已经执行了sudo systemctl restart postgresql-12，并遵循了这个在centos 7上安装postgres12，当我进入步骤5:启用远程访问，并执行sudo systemctl restart postgresql-12它报告错误

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status postgresql-12
● postgresql-12.service - PostgreSQL 12 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2020-10-25 12:29:05 CST; 11min ago
     Docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/static/
  Process: 7462 ExecStart=/usr/pgsql-12/bin/postmaster -D ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 7456 ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-12/bin/postgresql-12-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 7462 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Oct 25 12:29:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL 12 database server...
Oct 25 12:29:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: postgresql-12.service: main process exited, code=exited, status...LURE
Oct 25 12:29:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL 12 database server.
Oct 25 12:29:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit postgresql-12.service entered failed state.
Oct 25 12:29:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: postgresql-12.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[root@localhost ~]# journalctl -xe
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit postgresql-12.service has begun starting up.
Oct 25 12:56:02 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.994 CST [7586] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 12.4 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compile
Oct 25 12:56:02 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST [7586] LOG:  could not bind IPv4 address "172.18.56.1": Cannot assign
Oct 25 12:56:02 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST [7586] HINT:  Is another postmaster already running on port 5432? If 
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST [7586] WARNING:  could not create listen socket for "172.18.56.1"
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST [7586] FATAL:  could not create any TCP/IP sockets
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain postmaster[7586]: 2020-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST [7586] LOG:  database system is shut down
Oct 25 12:56:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: postgresql-12.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL 12 database server.
-- Subject: Unit postgresql-12.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit postgresql-12.service has failed.
-- 
-- The result is failed.
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit postgresql-12.service entered failed state.
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: postgresql-12.service failed.
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain sudo[7572]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Oct 25 12:56:03 localhost.localdomain polkitd[3564]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:7574:595409 (system bus name :1.50, object path /
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Answer 1

日志行被截断(当您想要完整的输出时，使用--no-pager和journalctl )，但是最相关的完整错误消息可能是：

2020年-10-25 12:56:02.995 CST日志:无法绑定IPv4地址"172.18.56.1"：不能分配<#>请求地址

您没有提到将listen_addresses设置为什么，但对此错误的一个合理解释是，它被设置为172.18.56.1，并且该地址没有分配给主机的网络接口，因此在listen_addresses中使用它是错误的。

使用ifconfig或ip a list查看主机上的网络地址。