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社区首页 >问答首页 >BGP-OSPF路由注入无效

问BGP-OSPF路由注入无效
EN

Network Engineering用户
提问于 2021-04-07 10:28:28
回答 3查看 276关注 0票数 0

背景: BGP功能齐全，工作正常，无需担心，问题是HK_Office <> HK2和LON1 <> LON_Office之间的路由注入，正如您在HK_Office和LON_Office下面的“显示ip路由”一节中所看到的那样，它无法看到路由在--例如，在HK_Office中，它不包含到10.10.20.0/24或192.168.20.0/24的路由，反之亦然，我应该如何正确地将这些子网正确地注入到HK_Office和LON_Office中，以便两端都能看到彼此的子网呢？

备注:这实际上是在我的实验室内运行，因为我们必须在现场进行测试；我正在采用快捷方式使用回环接口IP来模仿将来应该注入OSPF/BGP的子网，在生产环境中不应该使用回送接口。我们正在使用BGP中间，因为交通工程，请不要试图提出其他的东西，因为它不在我的控制范围内。

========================

配置部分，

HK_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback1
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute connected
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 10.10.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

HK2：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface FastEthernet0/0
 description VIP Network
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
interface FastEthernet0/1
 description General network
 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto

router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute connected subnets
 redistribute bgp 64512 metric-type 1 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  redistribute ospf 10

router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.2 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 64512
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute connected
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 172.16.0.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family
route-map VIP_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50
route-map VIP_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
route-map VIP_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
route-map VIP_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50

LON1：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface FastEthernet0/0
 description VIP Network
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
interface FastEthernet0/1
 description General network
 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto

router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute connected subnets
 redistribute bgp 64512 metric-type 1 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  redistribute ospf 10

router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.1 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 64512
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute connected
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family
route-map GENERALNET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50

LON_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
interface Loopback1
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute connected
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

========================

“显示ip路线”部分，

HK_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C       10.10.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
O E2    10.0.0.0 [110/20] via 172.16.0.2, 2d00h, FastEthernet1/0
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/20] via 172.16.0.2, 2d00h, FastEthernet1/0

HK2：

代码语言：javascript
复制
     192.168.10.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       192.168.10.1 [110/2] via 172.16.0.1, 2d00h, FastEthernet1/0
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
     192.168.20.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B       192.168.20.1 [200/2] via 192.168.0.2, 00:33:23
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
O       10.10.0.1/32 [110/2] via 172.16.0.1, 2d00h, FastEthernet1/0
C       10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
B       10.10.20.1/32 [200/2] via 10.0.0.2, 00:33:24
C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

LON1：

代码语言：javascript
复制
     192.168.10.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B       192.168.10.1 [200/2] via 192.168.0.1, 00:29:20
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
     192.168.20.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       192.168.20.1 [110/2] via 172.16.20.1, 01:28:43, FastEthernet1/0
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
B       10.10.0.1/32 [200/2] via 10.0.0.1, 00:29:20
C       10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O       10.10.20.1/32 [110/2] via 172.16.20.1, 01:28:44, FastEthernet1/0
C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

LON_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O E2    10.0.0.0 [110/20] via 172.16.20.2, 00:42:44, FastEthernet1/0
C       10.10.20.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/20] via 172.16.20.2, 00:42:44, FastEthernet1/0

==================================================

更新:在我对LON1和HK2路由器做了一些配置更改之后，最终两个办公室都可以从“显示ip路由”中看到这些路由，但是！路由仍然有问题，让我们看看下面..。

HK_Office“显示ip路由”：

代码语言：javascript
复制
C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
     192.168.20.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    192.168.20.1 [110/1] via 172.16.0.2, 00:39:33, FastEthernet1/0
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       10.10.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O E2    10.10.20.1/32 [110/1] via 172.16.0.2, 00:39:33, FastEthernet1/0
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/1] via 172.16.0.2, 01:43:34, FastEthernet1/0

LON_Office“显示ip路由”：

代码语言：javascript
复制
     192.168.10.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    192.168.10.1 [110/1] via 172.16.20.2, 00:42:52, FastEthernet1/0
     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       172.16.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
O E2    10.10.0.1/32 [110/1] via 172.16.20.2, 00:42:52, FastEthernet1/0
C       10.10.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/1] via 172.16.20.2, 00:45:09, FastEthernet1/0

LON_Office traceroute到HK_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
  1 172.16.20.2 8 msec 12 msec 8 msec
  2  *  *  * 
  3  *  *  *

HK_Office traceroute到LON_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
  1 172.16.0.2 8 msec 8 msec 12 msec
  2  *  *  * 
  3  *  *  *

LON1配置：

代码语言：javascript
复制
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute bgp 64512 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  redistribute ospf 10

router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.1 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 64512
 
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  bgp redistribute-internal
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 172.16.20.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family

HK2配置：

代码语言：javascript
复制
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute bgp 64512 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
  redistribute ospf 10

router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.2 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 64512
 
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  bgp redistribute-internal
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 172.16.0.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family

==================================================

更新:我让它工作了，请检查我的答案。

bgp
ospf
cisco
routing
EN

回答 3

Network Engineering用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2021-04-08 05:20:21

现在，我已经全部完成了，下面是配置：

HK_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 10.10.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd

HK2：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface FastEthernet0/0
 description VIP Network
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 description General Network
 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute bgp 64512 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.2 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 64512
 !
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.2 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  bgp redistribute-internal
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 172.16.0.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family
!         
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK seq 5 permit 192.168.10.1/32
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK seq 15 permit 172.16.0.0/24
!
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK seq 5 permit 10.10.0.1/32
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK seq 15 permit 172.16.0.0/24
!
route-map General_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50
!
route-map General_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-HK-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50

LON1：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface FastEthernet0/0
 description VIP Network
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 description General Network
 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute bgp 64512 subnets
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router bgp 64512
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 10.0.0.1 remote-as 64512
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 64512
 !
 address-family ipv4
  redistribute ospf 10
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 activate
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 10.0.0.1 route-map VIP_NET out
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 next-hop-self
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 route-map General_NET out
  no auto-summary
  no synchronization
  bgp redistribute-internal
  network 10.0.0.0
  network 172.16.20.0
  network 192.168.0.0
 exit-address-family
!         
ip forward-protocol nd
!
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK seq 5 permit 192.168.20.1/32
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK seq 15 permit 172.16.20.0/24
!
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-VIP-NETWORK seq 5 permit 10.10.20.1/32
ip prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-VIP-NETWORK seq 15 permit 172.16.20.0/24
no cdp log mismatch duplex
!
route-map General_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50
!
route-map General_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 10
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-VIP-NETWORK
 set local-preference 5000
!
route-map VIP_NET permit 20
 match ip address prefix-list PREFIX-TO-LON-OFFICE-GENERAL-NETWORK
 set local-preference 50

LON_Office：

代码语言：javascript
复制
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.10.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router ospf 10
 log-adjacency-changes
 passive-interface default
 no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
 network 10.10.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd

测试目标:测试链路故障转移

备注: BGP的收敛时间很慢，需要几分钟才能找到变化，BFD可以用来改进链路故障检测，但它超出了这个范围。

下面所有的traceroute都是从HK_Office路由器运行的，它也应该在LON_Office上运行。

代码语言：javascript
复制
Before link shut:

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 10.10.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 24 msec 16 msec 12 msec
2 10.0.0.2 16 msec 24 msec 16 msec
3 172.16.20.1 24 msec 36 msec 24 msec

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 28 msec 20 msec 20 msec
2 192.168.0.2 28 msec 44 msec 48 msec
3 172.16.20.1 64 msec 44 msec 56 msec

--------------------------------------------------------------

After link shut:

Tracing the route to 10.10.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 8 msec 20 msec 16 msec
2 192.168.0.2 40 msec 40 msec 40 msec
3 172.16.20.1 20 msec 40 msec 20 msec

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 28 msec 8 msec 8 msec
2 192.168.0.2 24 msec 36 msec 20 msec
3 172.16.20.1 40 msec 36 msec 40 msec

--------------------------------------------------------------

no shut the link again:

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 10.10.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 40 msec 20 msec 8 msec
2 10.0.0.2 16 msec 28 msec 16 msec
3 172.16.20.1 44 msec 36 msec 56 msec


Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.20.1

1 172.16.0.2 36 msec 8 msec 12 msec
2 192.168.0.2 16 msec 20 msec 16 msec
3 172.16.20.1 20 msec 44 msec 40 msec
票数 1
EN

Network Engineering用户

发布于 2021-04-07 16:29:48

添加

代码语言：javascript
复制
no auto-summary

到您的BGP配置

票数 1
EN

Network Engineering用户

发布于 2021-04-07 15:49:40

您可以尝试创建路由映射，以便将BGP重新分发到OSPF，这也使您能够更好地控制重分发的内容。下面的配置来自于Arista，但是您应该能够将它映射到cisco。我试着在实验室里把这个旋转起来，看看我能找到什么。

HK2示例

路线-地图bgp_to_ospf许可证10

匹配ip地址访问列表bgp_to_ospf

-

ip访问列表标准bgp_to_ospf

许可证172.16.20.0 0.0.0.255

许可证192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255

-

路由器ospf 10

重新分发bgp路由-map bgp_to_ospf

票数 0
EN
页面原文内容由Network Engineering提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/73381

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