Geth:成因块错配与子协议错误

Question

我在MacOS 10.13.2高中使用Geth1.7.3。

当我运行Geth来同步主网络时，详细日志(verbosity=4)告诉我们有很多错误：

• 子协议错误
• 成因块错配
• 块下载取消(请求)
• 无用对等体
• i/o超时
• 读取超时

我使用的命令是：

geth --fast --cache=2048 --verbosity=4

为了确保我使用的是正确的DB，在运行上面的命令之前，删除旧数据库并创建一个新帐户：

geth removedb
geth account new

为什么我从远程节点接收这些错误？我该怎么解决？

附注：一个小时内我无法连接到任何节点。

也尝试使用不同的新datadir，出现相同的错误消息。

控制台输出：

INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Geth/v1.7.3-stable/darwin-amd64/go1.9.2
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/Users/adv/Library/Ethereum/geth/chaindata cache=128 handles=1024
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 1 Homestead: 1150000 DAO: 1920000 DAOSupport: true EIP150: 2463000 EIP155: 2675000 EIP158: 2675000 Byzantium: 4370000 Engine: ethash}"
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Disk storage enabled for ethash caches   dir=/Users/adv/Library/Ethereum/geth/ethash count=3
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Disk storage enabled for ethash DAGs     dir=/Users/adv/.ethash                      count=2
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Initialising Ethereum protocol           versions="[63 62]" network=1
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=d4e567…cb8fa3 td=17179869184
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=d4e567…cb8fa3 td=17179869184
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=d4e567…cb8fa3 td=17179869184
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Loaded local transaction journal         transactions=0 dropped=0
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
INFO [01-24|15:18:04] Starting P2P networking 
INFO [01-24|15:18:06] UDP listener up                          self=enode://d121d375590c5d4f98ce9262d98667fa5808578237a11ae79192ed4a4c489010a754f115dffe7e0020677943984504a924e36a02ea86cf2ee25f80f91cbe4cf4@[::]:30303
INFO [01-24|15:18:06] RLPx listener up                         self=enode://d121d375590c5d4f98ce9262d98667fa5808578237a11ae79192ed4a4c489010a754f115dffe7e0020677943984504a924e36a02ea86cf2ee25f80f91cbe4cf4@[::]:30303
INFO [01-24|15:18:06] IPC endpoint opened: /Users/adv/Library/Ethereum/geth.ipc 
INFO [01-24|15:18:36] Block synchronisation started 
WARN [01-24|15:18:44] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:19:48] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:20:03] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:20:23] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:20:43] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:21:10] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:21:28] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:21:37] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:21:54] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:22:00] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:22:30] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:22:43] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:23:38] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:24:05] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:24:15] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:24:48] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:25:30] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:25:50] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"
WARN [01-24|15:26:01] Synchronisation failed, retrying         err="block download canceled (requested)"

Answer 1

互联网上的许多节点似乎都是在私人连锁店中运行，而不是在公共链上运行。这意味着他们使用的是不同的成因块。这使得它们与公共链不相容。

根据我的经验，同步需要一段时间(也许15分钟)才能开始，因为在英国，相对于我附近的节点(就互联网而言)来说，这些节点并不在公共链上。

更糟糕的是，在Ropsten测试网络上，我想是因为大多数测试都是在私人连锁店中进行的，而不是像我这样想要公共测试链的新手。