blocks|key|2306364|text|他们(量子计算机)能做这样复杂的计算(密码分析)吗？|type|blockquote|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2306365|目前没有。当前的量子计算机(包括专门用于量子退火的绝热变体)不执行任何用于密码分析的操作。未来:我们不知道。|unstyled|offset|length|2306366|量子计算机会危及计算机的安全吗？|2306367|长期的担忧是合理的。因此，对于用于密码分析的量子计算机来说，有许多活动要做。准共识是256位对称密码(AES-256、SHA-512、SHA3-512等)将在可预见的将来保持安全。大多数当前使用的非对称/公钥密码+(RSA可能不会，特别是对于目前被认为安全的最小密钥大小)。但是实际的量子安全非对称密码技术似乎是可行的，并且正在进行中。这是NIST的初步标准化工作。|2306368|这个相关问题询问如何预测量子密码何时以及是否会到来。|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_quantum_computation|1|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography|2|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem%2529)%2520and%2520others%2520based%2520on%2520[factorization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization);%2520[DSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Signature_Algorithm),%2520[DH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%25E2%2580%2593Hellman_key_exchange),%2520[Schnorr%2520signature](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnorr_signature),%2520[ECDSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm),%2520[EdDSA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdDSA),%2520[ECDH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic-curve_Diffie%25E2%2580%2593Hellman)%2520and%2520others%2520based%2520on%2520[discrete%2520logarithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_logarithm)|3|https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Post-Quantum-Cryptography/Post-Quantum-Cryptography-Standardization|4|https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/59404/what-telltale-signs-would-indicate-that-quantum-computers-are-about-to-become-da^0|0|P|2|0|0|0|2Q|8|1|30|3|2|4Q|C|3|0|2|4|4^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|12|8|@]|9|@$E|13|F|14|1|15]]|A|$]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|J|5|D|7|17|8|@]|9|@$E|18|F|19|1|1A]|$E|1B|F|1C|1|1D]|$E|1E|F|1F|1|1G]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|D|7|1H|8|@]|9|@$E|1I|F|1J|1|1K]]|A|$]]]|M|$N|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|S]]|T|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|U]]|V|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|W]]|X|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|Y]]|Z|$5|O|P|Q|A|$R|10]]]]

<blockquote>
 can they (quantum computers) do such complicated computing (cryptanalysis)?
</blockquote>

Not currently. Current quantum computers (including the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_quantum_computation" rel="nofollow noreferrer">adiabatic</a> variants specialized in quantum annealing) do not perform anything useful for cryptanalysis. In the future: we don't know.

<blockquote>
 Is it possible quantum computers put the computer security in jeopardy?
</blockquote>

It is reasonable to worry for the long term. There's therefore a lot of activity to be prepared for quantum computers useful for cryptanalysis. The quasi consensus is that 256-bit symmetric crypto (AES-256, SHA-512, SHA3-512 and the like) will remain safe in the foreseeable future. Most currently used <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography" rel="nofollow noreferrer">asymmetric/public-key crypto</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">RSA</a> and others based on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization" rel="nofollow noreferrer">factorization</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Signature_Algorithm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">DSA</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exchange" rel="nofollow noreferrer">DH</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnorr_signature" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Schnorr signature</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ECDSA</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdDSA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">EdDSA</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic-curve_Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ECDH</a> and others based on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_logarithm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">discrete logarithm</a>) may not, especially for the smallest key sizes currently considered safe. But practical quantum-safe asymmetric cryptography seems feasible, and is in the works. There's <a href="https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Post-Quantum-Cryptography/Post-Quantum-Cryptography-Standardization" rel="nofollow noreferrer">preliminary standardization effort at NIST</a>.

This <a href="https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/59404/what-telltale-signs-would-indicate-that-quantum-computers-are-about-to-become-da">related question</a> asks how to predict when and if quantum cryptopocalypse is coming.

There are many articles about quantum computers describing how powerful they are in computing and that they can solve very complicated equations in a short time.
One of the biggest security measures that provide safety for computer security is that sometimes it takes years to break a piece of encrypted data. Will this safety remain after a quantum computing revolution?
The question is:

<ul>
<li>Can they do such complicated computing?</li>
<li>Is it possible quantum computers put computer security in jeopardy?</li>
</ul>

Can quantum computers put computer security in jeopardy?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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有许多关于量子计算机的文章描述了它们在计算方面有多么强大，它们可以在很短的时间内解决非常复杂的方程。为计算机安全提供安全的最大安全措施之一是，有时需要数年时间才能破解一段加密的数据。在量子计算革命之后，这种安全性还会继续存在吗？问题是：他们能做这么复杂的计算吗？量子计算机会危及计算机的安全吗？

问量子计算机会危及计算机安全吗？
EN

回答 1

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