如何修复局域网文件传输中的windows拒绝错误

Question

我是一个14岁的软件设计初学者，但对python基本知识和网络方面有很好的知识。最近我得到了一个全新的raspberry pi 3 b+，我正在尝试制作一个python程序，它将允许我将信息输入从我的hp PC传送到我的pi，这样它就可以显示信息，这个项目是为了帮助我学习，我已经输入并运行了代码，但是当我尝试运行“客户端代码”时，当我尝试运行“客户端代码”时，这样我的pi就可以接收输入数据，我收到一个错误，说设备拒绝了我的连接请求，我该怎么办来解决这个问题？如果您想查看代码，我可以发布它，但我不确定这是否必要。

我只试着在两个程序中更改端口号，因为这不是问题，而且我对LAN和网络很陌生，我没有尝试其他任何东西。

按照要求，我的代码是：(不是HTML、CSS或HTML )。使用这个界面就更容易了。

​

# send.py

import socket                   # Import socket module

port = 60000                    # Reserve a port for your service.
s = socket.socket()             # Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname()     # Get local machine name
s.bind((host, port))            # Bind to the port
s.listen(5)                     # Now wait for client connection.

print 'Server listening....'

while True:
    conn, addr = s.accept()     # Establish connection with client.
    print 'Got connection from', addr
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    print('Server received', repr(data))

    filename='mytext.txt'
    f = open(filename,'rb')
    l = f.read(1024)
    while (l):
       conn.send(l)
       print('Sent ',repr(l))
       l = f.read(1024)
    f.close()

    print('Done sending')
    conn.send('Thank you for connecting')
    conn.close()


# recieve.py

import socket                   # Import socket module

s = socket.socket()             # Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname()     # Get local machine name
port = 60000                    # Reserve a port for your service.

s.connect((host, port))
s.send("Hello server!")

with open('received_file', 'wb') as f:
    print 'file opened'
    while True:
        print('receiving data...')
        data = s.recv(1024)
        print('data=%s', (data))
        if not data:
            break
        # write data to a file
        f.write(data)

f.close()
print('Successfully get the file')
s.close()
print('connection closed')

​

Answer 1

不幸的是，这个答案需要Python 3.5+。

在运行此代码之前，请确保您已经确定了您将为您的服务器和客户端使用的IP (底部的帮助)。

步骤1-确保简单的ping工作

服务器代码：

import socket

# FIND IP

# The IP to use will be different depending
# on whether you have WiFi or Ethernet, so
# you need to choose whichever one that is
ips = socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[-1]

print(*[f"{i}: {j}" for i, j in enumerate(ips)], sep="\n")

ip = ips[int(input(" > "))]

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


#SETUP SERVER

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind((ip, port))

# A queue of 1 clients is more than enough for our application
sock.listen(1)

print(f"Listening on {ip}:{port}")

while True:
    try:
        (clientsock, address) = sock.accept()

        # so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
        clientsock.settimeout(0.01)

        ping_string = clientsock.recv(5).decode()

        if ping_string == "ping!":
            print("ping!")

            clientsock.sendall(b"ping!")

        else:
            print("no ping!")
            print(ping_string)

            clientsock.sendall(b"nopng")

        clientsock.shutdown(1)
        clientsock.close()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        # Add a way to safely exit the infinite loop
        break

sock.close()

客户代码：

import socket

# GET IP

print("IP of server")
ip = input(" > ")

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


# SETUP SOCKET

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((ip, port))

print(f"Conencted to {ip}:{port}")

# so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
sock.settimeout(0.01)

sock.sendall(b"ping!")

ping_string = sock.recv(5).decode()

if ping_string == "ping!":
    print("ping!")

else:
    print("no ping!")

sock.close()

产出：

服务器：

0: 192.168.56.1
1: 192.168.1.151
 > 1
Listening on 192.168.1.151:10000

客户端：

Type ip of server
 > 192.168.1.151
Conencted to 192.168.1.151:10000
ping!

如果这不起作用，请确保您的计算机可以打开您的覆盆子皮，反之亦然。进入CMD (我猜你的HP是Windows)并输入ping ____ (用raspberry pi的内部ip地址替换____ )。

如果终端似乎没有发出什么声音，那么需要进入您的计算机，而raspberry pi则发现它们是内部的 ips，您可以了解如何在网上完成这些操作。

第二步-有趣的部分

现在我们将设置您的文件服务器。

服务器代码：

import socket

# OPEN FILE TO SEND ACROSS
with open("filesend.txt", mode="rb") as file:
    file_string = file.read()

# FIND IP

# The IP to use will be different depending
# on whether you have WiFi or Ethernet, so
# you need to choose whichever one that is
ips = socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[-1]

print(*[f"{i}: {j}" for i, j in enumerate(ips)], sep="\n")

ip = ips[int(input(" > "))]

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


#SETUP SERVER

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.bind((ip, port))

# A queue of 1 clients is more than enough for our application
sock.listen(1)

print(f"Listening on {ip}:{port}")

while True:
    try:
        (clientsock, address) = sock.accept()

        # so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
        clientsock.settimeout(0.01)

        # send length
        clientsock.sendall((str(len(file_string)) + ".").encode())
        clientsock.sendall(file_string)

        print("Sent file!")

        response_code = clientsock.recv(1).decode()

        if response_code != "0":
            print("ERROR! response was not 0")
            print(response_code)


        clientsock.shutdown(1)
        clientsock.close()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        # Add a way to safely exit the infinite loop
        break

sock.close()

客户代码：

import socket

# SELECT IP

print("IP of server")
ip = input(" > ")

# SELECT PORT

port = 10000


# SETUP SOCKET

# Create server socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((ip, port))

print(f"Conencted to {ip}:{port}")

# so if there's nothing to read we don't wait too long
sock.settimeout(0.01)

# Get length of file sent across
len_string = ""
c = ""
while c != ".":
    c = sock.recv(1).decode()
    len_string += c

length = int(len_string[:-1])

file_string = sock.recv(length)

# send a status code back to the server
sock.sendall(b"0")

with open("filerecv.txt", mode="wb") as file:
    file.write(file_string)

print(file_string.decode())

sock.close()

产出：

服务器：

0: 192.168.56.1
1: 192.168.1.151
 > 1
Listening on 192.168.1.151:10000

客户端：

IP of server
 > 192.168.1.151
Conencted to 192.168.1.151:10000
THIS IS A TEST!

再次，确保您告诉客户端连接的ip是，与您从服务器脚本中提供的列表中选择的相同。此外，确保ip地址可以连接到，即当pc在WiFi上时不要使用该地址，如果它目前在以太网上。

希望这对你有用。在评论中留下的任何问题:)

编辑

WINDOWS

来自ipconfig的样本输出

> ipconfig

Windows IP Configuration


Ethernet adapter Ethernet:

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . : home
   IPv6 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 2a00:23c6:6586:2400:e47a:c60e:812b:1123
   IPv6 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:e47a:c60e:812b:1123
   Temporary IPv6 Address. . . . . . : 2a00:23c6:6586:2400:d1fe:95f5:27c3:c4b8
   Temporary IPv6 Address. . . . . . : fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:d1fe:95f5:27c3:c4b8
   Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::e47a:c60e:812b:1123%19
   IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.151
   Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : fe80::8aa6:c6ff:fe23:7a15%19
                                       192.168.1.254

你在找这条线：

   IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.151

而IP是最终的值(如192.168.1.151)。

查找您的覆盆子PI的IP

除非您已经更改了一些高级设置，否则Raspberry的主机名将是raspberrypi或raspberrypi.local。我都见过了。如果您想知道IP地址，请使用下面的Python脚本，然后尝试从它打印的列表中选择所有IP，以找出哪个IP实际上是由Pi使用的。

在你的电脑上运行这个：

import socket

host1 = "raspberrypi"
host2 = "raspberrypi.local"

try:
    ip1 = socket.gethostbyname_ex(host1)[-1]
except:
    ip1 = []

try:
    ip2 = socket.gethostbyname_ex(host2)[-1]
except:
    ip2 = []

print(list(set(ip1+ip2)))

如有任何问题，请让我知道:)